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Efficient and Highly Stable X-ray Detection and Imaging using 2D (BA)2PbI4 Perovskite Single Crystals
ACS Photonics ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-10-25 , DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.2c00776
Yukta 1 , Joydip Ghosh 2 , Mohammad Adil Afroz 1 , Suad Alghamdi 2 , P. J. Sellin 2 , Soumitra Satapathi 1
Affiliation  

Organic–inorganic hybrid metal-halide perovskites have emerged as potential semiconductors for high-performance X-ray detection owing to their large radiation stopping power, high sensitivity, large mobility-lifetime (μτ) product, and facile fabrication strategies. In recent times, two-dimensional (2D) layered perovskite-based X-ray detectors have attracted significant attention owing to their superior ambient and thermal stability, reduced ion migration, and low defect density. Notably, in 2D perovskites, the larger organic amine spacer integrated alternately between inorganic lead halide octahedral layers can effectively restrict ion migration even for higher bias voltages in X-ray detection. In this work, we have fabricated centimeter-sized high-quality butyl amine organic spacer-incorporated n = 1 layered Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) phase (BA)2PbI4 2D perovskite single crystals using a conventional slow cooling method and demonstrated their X-ray detection and imaging applications. The (BA)2PbI4 single crystal detector exhibits an excellent X-ray performance with a sensitivity of 148 μCGy–1 cm–2 at 10 V mm–1 applied electric field, an ultralow detection limit less than 241 nGy s–1, a very low and stable dark current (20.52 pA), and a quick response time of ∼4 ms. Moreover, the fabricated devices have shown remarkably stable responses for continuous X-ray exposure over 60 min and ultrahigh storage stability of over 4 months, confirming the material robustness and stability. Finally, high-resolution X-ray imaging is demonstrated using these (BA)2PbI4 single crystal-based detectors. The exceptional operational stability and high performance of (BA)2PbI4 X-ray detectors make them promising candidates for low-dose X-ray detection and imaging applications.

中文翻译:

使用 2D (BA)2PbI4 钙钛矿单晶进行高效且高度稳定的 X 射线检测和成像

有机-无机杂化金属卤化物钙钛矿由于其辐射阻止本领大、灵敏度高、迁移率-寿命 (μτ) 积大和制造简单等优点,已成为高性能 X 射线检测的潜在半导体。近年来,基于二维 (2D) 层状钙钛矿的 X 射线探测器因其出色的环境和热稳定性、减少的离子迁移和低缺陷密度而引起了极大的关注。值得注意的是,在二维钙钛矿中,较大的有机胺间隔物交替集成在无机卤化铅八面体层之间,即使在 X 射线检测中的较高偏置电压下也能有效限制离子迁移。在这项工作中,我们制造了厘米级的高质量丁胺有机间隔基结合n= 1 层状 Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) 相 (BA) 2 PbI 4 2D 钙钛矿单晶使用传统的缓慢冷却方法,并展示了它们的 X 射线检测和成像应用。(BA) 2 PbI 4单晶探测器具有出色的 X 射线性能,在 10 V mm –1施加电场下灵敏度为 148 μCGy –1 cm –2,超低检测限小于 241 nGy s –1,非常低且稳定的暗电流(20.52 pA),以及~4 ms的快速响应时间。此外,制造的器件对连续 X 射线照射超过 60 分钟和超过 4 个月的超高储存稳定性表现出非常稳定的响应,证实了材料的坚固性和稳定性。最后,使用这些 (BA) 2 PbI 4单晶探测器展示了高分辨率 X 射线成像。(BA) 2 PbI 4 X 射线探测器出色的操作稳定性和高性能使其成为低剂量 X 射线探测和成像应用的理想候选者。
更新日期:2022-10-25
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