The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a major societal disruption, raising the question of how people can maintain or quickly regain their mental health (i.e., be resilient) during such times. Researchers have used the pandemic as a use case for studying resilience in response to a global, synchronously starting, and chronic set of stressors on the individual and societal level. Our review of this recent literature reveals that mental distress trajectories during the pandemic largely resemble mental distress responses to individual-level macro-stressors, except for a lower prevalence of recovery trajectories. Results suggest more resilient responses in older adults, but trajectories are less consistent for younger and older ages compared with middle-aged adults. We call for more research integrating state-of-the-art operationalizations of resilience and using these to study resilience over the lifespan.

COVID-19 大流行造成了重大的社会混乱，引发了人们如何在这段时期保持或快速恢复心理健康（即保持弹性）的问题。研究人员以此次疫情为案例，研究个人和社会层面应对全球同步启动的长期压力源的复原力。我们对最近文献的回顾表明，大流行期间的精神困扰轨迹在很大程度上类似于对个人层面宏观压力源的精神困扰反应，除了恢复轨迹的发生率较低之外。结果表明，老年人的反应更有弹性，但与中年人相比，年轻人和老年人的轨迹不太一致。我们呼吁进行更多的研究，整合最先进的复原力操作化，并利用这些来研究整个生命周期的复原力。