The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a major societal disruption, raising the question of how people can maintain or quickly regain their mental health (i.e., be resilient) during such times. Researchers have used the pandemic as a use case for studying resilience in response to a global, synchronously starting, and chronic set of stressors on the individual and societal level. Our review of this recent literature reveals that mental distress trajectories during the pandemic largely resemble mental distress responses to individual-level macro-stressors, except for a lower prevalence of recovery trajectories. Results suggest more resilient responses in older adults, but trajectories are less consistent for younger and older ages compared with middle-aged adults. We call for more research integrating state-of-the-art operationalizations of resilience and using these to study resilience over the lifespan.

COVID-19 大流行导致了重大的社会混乱，提出了人们如何在此期间保持或快速恢复心理健康（即恢复弹性）的问题。研究人员将大流行病作为一个用例，研究在个人和社会层面应对全球同步启动和长期压力源的弹性。我们对近期文献的回顾表明，大流行期间的精神困扰轨迹在很大程度上类似于对个人层面宏观压力源的精神困扰反应，除了恢复轨迹的流行率较低。结果表明，老年人的反应更有弹性，但与中年人相比，年轻人和老年人的轨迹不太一致。