ABSTRACT

This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding life skills development (LSD) and life skills transfer (LST) in sports programs serving adults in a socially vulnerable position. It identifies factors influencing LSD and LST in these sports programs, as well as possible differences in this regard between the various subgroups of social vulnerability. Potentially relevant studies were identified by searches of five databases, complemented by backward and forward snowballing. The 26 articles included reported the development of cognitive, emotional and/or social skills amongst socially vulnerable adults through participation in a sports program. In 20 studies, transfer was reported for at least one of the life skills developed. Potential factors that may influence the process of LSD and LST were related to the individual, the staff, the program design, the inherent demands of sport, a safe environment and social cohesion. Some differences in LSD and LST were found between subgroups of social vulnerable adults. However, because some subgroups were hardly represented, a comparison was difficult to make. This review showed that sports programs have the potential to help socially vulnerable adults develop and transfer life skills. Recommendations for future research are given.

摘要

本系统评价旨在概述当前有关为处于社会弱势地位的成年人服务的体育项目中的生活技能发展 (LSD) 和生活技能转移 (LST) 的知识。它确定了在这些体育项目中影响 LSD 和 LST 的因素，以及社会脆弱性的各个亚组之间在这方面可能存在的差异。通过对五个数据库的搜索确定了潜在的相关研究，并辅以向后和向前滚雪球。包括的 26 篇文章报告了通过参加体育项目在社会弱势成年人中发展认知、情感和/或社交技能的情况。在 20 项研究中，报告了至少一项已发展的生活技能的转移。可能影响 LSD 和 LST 过程的潜在因素与个人、工作人员、项目设计、运动的内在需求、安全环境和社会凝聚力有关。在社会弱势成年人的亚组之间发现了 LSD 和 LST 的一些差异。然而，由于一些亚组几乎没有代表，因此难以进行比较。这项审查表明，体育项目有可能帮助社会弱势成年人发展和转移生活技能。给出了对未来研究的建议。这项审查表明，体育项目有可能帮助社会弱势成年人发展和转移生活技能。给出了对未来研究的建议。这项审查表明，体育项目有可能帮助社会弱势成年人发展和转移生活技能。给出了对未来研究的建议。