Culture and its measurement are foundational to International Business research. Hofstede's model of culture dominates cross-cultural research. Unfortunately, the evidence of poor psychometric properties of Hofstede's instrument for measuring cultural values, the VSM, has been mounting, which prompted the development of numerous alternative instruments for measuring cultural values comprising Hofstede's model of culture. The abundance of choices makes it challenging to determine which of the instruments is most suitable for a given study. Using a large international sample (N = 12,462), we evaluated the psychometric properties of seven different instruments for measuring individual-level values in Hofstede's cultural framework and assessed their content validity, reliability, factor structure, and measurement equivalence. Our tests confirmed that Hofstede's instrument suffers from several psychometric deficiencies, while other instruments, notably those developed by Dorfman and Howell (1988), Yoo et al. (2011), and Taras et al. (2013), showed good reliability and validity. Guidelines for selecting the most suitable instrument and directions for future instrument development are provided.

文化及其衡量标准是国际商务研究的基础。霍夫斯泰德的文化模型主导了跨文化研究。不幸的是，霍夫斯泰德的文化价值测量工具 VSM 的不良心理测量特性的证据越来越多，这促使开发了许多用于测量文化价值的替代工具，包括霍夫斯泰德的文化模型。丰富的选择使得确定哪种仪器最适合特定研究变得具有挑战性。使用大型国际样本（N = 12,462），我们评估了霍夫斯泰德文化框架中测量个人水平价值的七种不同工具的心理测量特性，并评估了它们的内容效度、可靠性、因素结构和测量等效性。我们的测试证实 Hofstede 的仪器存在若干心理测量缺陷，而其他仪器，尤其是由 Dorfman 和 Howell (1988)、Yoo 等人开发的仪器。（2011）和塔拉斯等人。（2013），显示出良好的信度和效度。提供了选择最合适仪器的指南和未来仪器开发的方向。