Studies have found that the absence of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor may be the primary risk factor for Parkinson's disease. However, there have not been any studies conducted on the potential relationship between glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and cognitive performance in Parkinson's disease. We first performed a retrospective case-control study at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between September 2018 and January 2020 and found that a decreased serum level of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor was a risk factor for cognitive disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease. We then established a mouse model of Parkinson's disease induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine and analyzed the potential relationships among glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in the prefrontal cortex, dopamine transmission, and cognitive function. Our results showed that decreased glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in the prefrontal cortex weakened dopamine release and transmission by upregulating the presynaptic membrane expression of the dopamine transporter, which led to the loss and primitivization of dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons and cognitive impairment. In addition, magnetic resonance imaging data showed that the long-term lack of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor reduced the connectivity between the prefrontal cortex and other brain regions, and exogenous glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor significantly improved this connectivity. These findings suggested that decreased glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in the prefrontal cortex leads to neuroplastic degeneration at the level of synaptic connections and circuits, which results in cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease.

中文翻译：

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由于 PFC 中 GDNF 减少导致的多巴胺传递迟钝会引起帕金森病的认知障碍。

研究发现，神经胶质细胞源性神经营养因子的缺乏可能是帕金森病的主要危险因素。然而，还没有关于神经胶质细胞系衍生的神经营养因子与帕金森病认知表现之间潜在关系的任何研究。我们首先于2018年9月至2020年1月在徐州医科大学附属医院进行了一项回顾性病例对照研究，发现血清胶质细胞源性神经营养因子水平降低是帕金森病患者认知障碍的危险因素. 然后我们建立了由 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3, 6-四氢吡啶并分析了前额叶皮层神经胶质细胞系衍生的神经营养因子、多巴胺传递和认知功能之间的潜在关系。我们的研究结果表明，前额叶皮层神经胶质细胞源性神经营养因子的减少通过上调多巴胺转运蛋白的突触前膜表达而削弱了多巴胺的释放和传递，从而导致锥体神经元树突棘的丧失和原始化以及认知障碍。此外，磁共振成像数据显示，长期缺乏胶质细胞源性神经营养因子会降低前额叶皮层与其他脑区的连通性，而外源性胶质细胞源性神经营养因子可显着改善这种连通性。