Current sensor technologies facilitate device-free and non-invasive monitoring of target activities and infrastructures to ensure a safe and inhabitable environment. Device-free techniques for sensing the surrounding environment are an emerging area of research where a target does not need to carry or attach any device to provide information about its motion or the surrounding environment. Consequently, there has been an increasing interest in device-free sensing. Seismic sensors are extremely effective tools for gathering target motion information. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the seismic sensor-based device-free sensing process and highlight the key techniques within the research field. We classify the existing literature into three categories, viz., (i) target detection, (ii) target localization, and (iii) target identification, and activity recognition. The techniques in each category are divided into multiple subcategories in a structured manner to comprehensively discuss the details. We also discuss the challenges associated with contemporary cutting-edge research and suggest potential solutions.

当前的传感器技术促进了对目标活动和基础设施的无设备和非侵入式监控，以确保安全和宜居的环境。用于感知周围环境的无设备技术是一个新兴的研究领域，目标不需要携带或附加任何设备来提供有关其运动或周围环境的信息。因此，人们对无设备传感越来越感兴趣。地震传感器是收集目标运动信息的极其有效的工具。在本文中，我们全面概述了基于地震传感器的无设备传感过程，并重点介绍了该研究领域的关键技术。我们将现有文献分为三类，即（i）目标检测，（ii）目标定位，(iii) 目标识别和活动识别。每一大类中的技术结构化地分为多个子类，全面讨论细节。我们还讨论了与当代前沿研究相关的挑战，并提出了可能的解决方案。