Abstract

This article presents a modular, multidisciplinary methodology for tracing how different communities in the deeper past adapted their behaviors and shaped their environments to address the health risks they faced, a process also known as “healthscaping.” Historians have made major strides in reconstructing preventative health programs across the pre- or non-industrial world, thereby challenging a common view of public health as a product of Euro-American modernity and biomedicine. However, these studies’ general focus on cities and their reliance on archival and other documents that are more readily available in Euro-American contexts, limit the intervention’s potential for rethinking the earlier history of public health comparatively, transregionally and on a global scale. A broader definition of health, additional sources and alternative methodologies allow us to expand research in and especially beyond urban Europe, promoting a global turn in health historiography that operates outside the seductive teleology of modernization, colonialism and imperialism.

摘要

本文介绍了一种模块化的多学科方法，用于追踪过去更深层次的不同社区如何调整他们的行为并塑造他们的环境以应对他们面临的健康风险，这一过程也被称为“healthscaping”。历史学家在重建前工业世界或非工业世界的预防性健康计划方面取得了重大进展，从而挑战了将公共卫生视为欧美现代性和生物医学产物的普遍观点。然而，这些研究普遍关注城市及其对档案和其他在欧美背景下更容易获得的文件的依赖，限制了干预措施在比较、跨区域和全球范围内重新思考公共卫生早期历史的潜力。更广泛的健康定义，