The sustainability of coral reef fisheries is jeopardized by complex and interacting socio-ecological stressors that undermine their contribution to food and nutrition security. Climate change has emerged as one of the key stressors threatening coral reefs and their fish-associated services. How fish nutrient concentrations respond to warming oceans remains unclear but these responses are probably affected by both direct (metabolism and trophodynamics) and indirect (habitat and species range shifts) effects. Climate-driven coral habitat loss can cause changes in fish abundance and biomass, revealing potential winners and losers among major fisheries targets that can be predicted using ecological indicators and biological traits. A critical next step is to extend research focused on the quantity of available food (fish biomass) to also consider its nutritional quality, which is relevant to progress in the fields of food security and malnutrition. Biological traits are robust predictors of fish nutrient content and thus potentially indicate how climate-driven changes are expected to impact nutrient availability within future food webs on coral reefs. Here, we outline future research priorities and an anticipatory framework towards sustainable reef fisheries contributing to nutrition-sensitive food systems in a warming ocean.

珊瑚礁渔业的可持续性受到复杂且相互作用的社会生态压力因素的危害，从而削弱了珊瑚礁渔业对粮食和营养安全的贡献。气候变化已成为威胁珊瑚礁及其鱼类相关服务的主要压力源之一。鱼类营养浓度如何应对海洋变暖仍不清楚，但这些反应可能受到直接（代谢和营养动力学）和间接（栖息地和物种范围变化）的影响。气候驱动的珊瑚栖息地丧失可能会导致鱼类丰度和生物量的变化，揭示主要渔业目标中潜在的赢家和输家，这些目标可以使用生态指标和生物特征进行预测。下一步关键是扩大对可用食物数量（鱼类生物量）的研究，同时考虑其营养质量，这与粮食安全和营养不良领域的进展相关。生物特征是鱼类营养含量的有力预测因子，因此可能表明气候驱动的变化预计将如何影响珊瑚礁未来食物网中的营养供应。在此，我们概述了未来的研究重点和可持续珊瑚礁渔业的预期框架，​​为变暖海洋中的营养敏感型粮食系统做出了贡献。