This paper presents a new periodic grooved dielectric leaky-wave antenna with non-identical irregularities for an extremely high-frequency range capable of performing efficiently in the Ka band through a stable gain, a decrease in the level of the side lobes, and the achievement of a narrower main lobe beam. It consists of a dielectric waveguide antenna placed inside a channelled rectangular metallic waveguide to improve performance. A dielectric rod was used to overcome the losses related to the propagation of electromagnetic waves in metal conductors. A grooved dielectric of a 21-element linear array is used to propose a simple approach for the synthesis of such antennas based on a modified energy method and is fed by a standard waveguide. It was designed and simulated at 37.2 GHz for satellite, 5G antenna, and radar applications. The major novelty of this study is the ability to control the direction of the main lobe through non-identical irregularities in geometric parameters such as the width, height, and distance between each element. Radiation techniques have been extensively studied using simulations. A performance antenna with radiation efficiency of 99.35%, gain of 22 dBi, width of radiation pattern of 3.2 \(^{\circ }\), and side lobe level (SLL) of \({-}\) 18.3 dB has been achieved.

本文提出了一种新的周期性凹槽介质漏波天线，该天线具有非相同的不规则性，适用于极高频范围，能够通过稳定的增益、降低旁瓣电平在 Ka 波段高效工作，并取得了较窄的主瓣波束。它由放置在通道矩形金属波导内的电介质波导天线组成，以提高性能。使用介电棒来克服与电磁波在金属导体中传播有关的损耗。21 元素线性阵列的带槽电介质用于提出一种基于改进能量方法合成此类天线的简单方法，并由标准波导馈电。它的设计和仿真频率为 37.2 GHz，用于卫星、5G 天线和雷达应用。本研究的主要新颖之处在于能够通过几何参数（例如宽度、高度和每个元素之间的距离）中的不完全相同的不规则性来控制主瓣的方向。辐射技术已经通过模拟进行了广泛的研究。辐射效率99.35%、增益22 dBi、辐射方向图宽度3.2的高性能天线 \(^{\circ }\)和旁瓣电平 (SLL) 为\({-}\)  18.3 dB。