ABSTRACT

Infection with HIV/AIDS continues to be a major public health concern around the world, particularly in low- and middle-income nations. To assess the effectiveness of structured health education on the prevention of HIV/AIDS risky behaviours among adolescents in secondary school. A pretest-posttest-control group randomized controlled trial where a sample of 647 adolescents was drawn from the population of 2,890 secondary school students and was block-randomized into the intervention (n = 400) and control (n = 224) groups. Data were collected using a content-validated (CVI = 4.2/5) and reliable (k = 0.791) self-developed structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and with inferential statistics of independent and paired t-tests at α = 0.05. Pre-intervention risky behaviours in both groups were below average though lower in the intervention than in the control group. Pre-intervention risky behaviour was significantly higher among males than females in the rural school (p < 0.001) and in both schools together (p < 0.001). Health education significantly affected risky behaviour with the intervention group being associated with lesser risky behaviour than the control group. There was no significant difference in the post-intervention risky behaviour between males and females in the rural (0.285), urban (0.179) and both schools together (p = 0.956). Post-intervention reduced risky behaviours more significantly in the intervention than in the control groups. HIV/AIDS health education should be part of schools’ curriculum, guidance and counsellor teachers should be trained as HIV counsellors

摘要

感染 HIV/AIDS 仍然是全世界的主要公共卫生问题，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家。评估结构化健康教育对预防中学青少年艾滋病毒/艾滋病危险行为的有效性。一项前测-后测-对照组随机对照试验，其中从 2,890 名中学生群体中抽取 647 名青少年样本，并随机分为干预组（n = 400）和对照组（n = 224）。使用内容验证 (CVI = 4.2/5) 和可靠 (k = 0.791) 自行开发的结构化问卷收集数据。使用描述性统计和独立和配对 t 检验的推论统计分析数据，α = 0.05。两组的干预前危险行为均低于平均水平，尽管干预组低于对照组。在农村学校（p < 0.001）和两所学校一起（p < 0.001），男性干预前的危险行为显着高于女性。健康教育显着影响风险行为，干预组的风险行为低于对照组。在农村（0.285）、城市（0.179）和两所学校（p = 0.956）中，男性和女性的干预后危险行为没有显着差异。干预后干预组比对照组更显着地减少了风险行为。艾滋病毒/艾滋病健康教育应成为学校课程的一部分，