In this work, the cross sections of $\varphi$ photoproduction are systematically investigated with the two gluon exchange model and the Pomeron model. The results obtained show that the theoretical values of the two models agree well with the experimental data. Since the mass radius and mechanical properties of the proton are encoded in the scalar gravitational form factor of the momentum energy tensor, based on the differential cross sections of $\varphi$ photoproduction at near-threshold predicted by the two gluon exchange model, the average mass radius of the proton is derived as $\sqrt{{⟨r^2⟩}_{\mathrm{m}}}=0.78\pm 0.06\mathrm{fm}$. As a comparison, we directly extract the proton mass radius from the experimental data of $\varphi$ photoproduction to obtain an average value of $0.80\pm 0.05\mathrm{fm}$, which is very close to the result given by the two gluon exchange model. Taking a similar approach, we extracted the average value of $m_D$ to obtain the distribution of the pressure and shear force contributed within the proton, and compared the results with other groups. The results of this paper may provide necessary theoretical information for the subsequent in-depth study of the internal structure and properties of proton.

中文翻译：

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通过奇异的介子光产生质子的质量半径和力学性质

在这项工作中，横截面$\phi$用两个胶子交换模型和Pomeron模型系统地研究了光生产。所得结果表明，两种模型的理论值与实验数据吻合较好。由于质子的质量半径和机械性质被编码在动量能量张量的标量引力形状因子中，基于微分截面$\phi$由两个胶子交换模型预测的接近阈值的光产生，质子的平均质量半径推导出为$\sqrt{{⟨r^2⟩}_{\mathrm{米}}}=0.78\pm 0.06\mathrm{调频}$. 作为比较，我们直接从实验数据中提取质子质量半径$\phi$照相制取平均值$0.80\pm 0.05\mathrm{调频}$，这与两个胶子交换模型给出的结果非常接近。采用类似的方法，我们提取了${米}_D$获得质子内贡献的压力和剪切力的分布，并将结果与​​其他组进行比较。本文的研究结果可为后续深入研究质子内部结构和性质提供必要的理论信息。