High-resolution optical cameras have always been important scientific payloads in Mars exploration missions, and the Mars topographic data produced by their detection data can provide support for scientific research on Mars geomorphology and geological structure evolution. As of December 2021, there are still relatively few high-resolution image data at the submeter level on the Martian surface, with about 2.6% global coverage and even more limited stereo coverage (just about 0.4%). At the same time, there are still some difficulties in data acquisition and terrain reconstruction processing methods for high-resolution Mars images that need to be solved. This article described how we designed the in-orbit stereo imaging strategy based on the characteristics of the high-resolution imaging camera (HiRIC) of China’s first Mars exploration mission (Tianwen-1), studied the technical solutions for HiRIC stereo image photogrammetry processing, and produced a topographic dataset for the “Tianwen-1” landing area, including a digital orthophoto map (DOM) with a ground sample distance (GSD) of 0.7 and 3.5 m and a digital elevation model (DEM) with a GSD of 3.5 m. Precision analysis results show that these topographic data have good consistency in planar position and elevation compared with the existing Mars terrain data and have advantages in spatial resolution and terrain detail expression, which will be widely used in the geological background study of the “Tianwen-1” landing area, as well as landing site positioning, Martian surface remote operation planning, and other Mars scientific research and engineering tasks.

中文翻译：

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利用高分辨率成像相机图像重建“天问一号”火星着陆区的地形

高分辨率光学相机一直是火星探测任务中重要的科学载荷，其探测数据产生的火星地形数据可以为火星地貌和地质构造演化的科学研究提供支持。截至2021年12月，火星表面亚米级高分辨率图像数据仍然相对较少，全球覆盖率约为2.6%，立体覆盖率更有限（仅约0.4%）。同时，高分辨率火星图像的数据采集和地形重建处理方法还存在一些难点亟待解决。本文介绍了我们如何根据我国首次火星探测任务（天问一号）高分辨率成像相机（HiRIC）的特点设计在轨立体成像策略，研究了HiRIC立体图像摄影测量处理的技术方案，制作了“天问一号”着陆区地形数据集，包括地面采样距离（GSD）为0.7和3.5 m的数字正射影像图（DOM）和GSD为3.5 m的数字高程模型（DEM） . 精密分析结果表明，这些地形数据与现有的火星地形数据相比，在平面位置和高程上具有良好的一致性，在空间分辨率和地形细节表达方面具有优势，将在“天问一号”地质背景研究中得到广泛应用。 ” 着陆区，