Biodiesel Exhaust Toxicity with and without Diethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether Fuel Additive in Primary Airway Epithelial Cells Grown at the Air–Liquid Interface,Environmental Science & Technology

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Biodiesel Exhaust Toxicity with and without Diethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether Fuel Additive in Primary Airway Epithelial Cells Grown at the Air–Liquid Interface
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-30 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03806
Katherine R Landwehr _{1,

2,

3} , Md Nurun Nabi ₄ , Mohammad G Rasul ₅ , Anthony Kicic _{1,

2,

3,

6,

7} , Benjamin J Mullins _{1,

3,

8}

Affiliation

Biodiesel usage is increasing steadily worldwide as the push for renewable fuel sources increases. The increased oxygen content in biodiesel fuel is believed to cause decreased particulate matter (PM) and increased nitrous oxides within its exhaust. The addition of fuel additives to further increase the oxygen content may contribute to even further benefits in exhaust composition. The aim of this study was to assess the toxicity of 10% (v/v) diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DGDME) added as a biodiesel fuel additive. Primary human airway epithelial cells were grown at the air-liquid interface and exposed to diluted exhaust from an engine running on either grapeseed, bran, or coconut biodiesel or the same three biodiesels with 10% (v/v) DGDME added to them; mineral diesel and air were used as controls. Exhaust properties, culture permeability, epithelial cell damage, and IL-6 and IL-8 release were measured postexposure. The fuel additive DGDME caused a decrease in PM and nitrous oxide concentrations. However, exhaust exposure with DGDME also caused decreased permeability, increased epithelial cell damage, and increased release of IL-6 and IL-8 (p < 0.05). Despite the fuel additive having beneficial effects on the exhaust properties of the biodiesel, it was found to be more toxic.

中文翻译：

在气液界面生长的初级气道上皮细胞中，有和没有二甘醇二甲醚燃料添加剂的生物柴油废气毒性

随着对可再生燃料资源的推动增加，全球生物柴油的使用量正在稳步增长。生物柴油燃料中增加的氧含量被认为会导致其排气中的颗粒物 (PM) 减少和一氧化二氮增加。添加燃料添加剂以进一步增加氧含量可能有助于进一步改善排气成分。本研究的目的是评估作为生物柴油燃料添加剂添加的 10% (v/v) 二甘醇二甲醚 (DGDME) 的毒性。原代人气道上皮细胞在气液界面生长，并暴露于发动机的稀释废气中，发动机使用葡萄籽、麸皮或椰子生物柴油或添加 10% (v/v) DGDME 的相同三种生物柴油；矿物柴油和空气用作对照。排气特性、培养渗透性、暴露后测量上皮细胞损伤和IL-6和IL-8释放。燃料添加剂 DGDME 导致 PM 和一氧化二氮浓度降低。然而，DGDME 的废气暴露也会导致通透性降低、上皮细胞损伤增加以及 IL-6 和 IL-8 释放增加。p < 0.05)。尽管燃料添加剂对生物柴油的排气性能有有益影响，但发现它的毒性更大。

更新日期：2022-09-30

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