Associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and their mixture with oxidative stress biomarkers during pregnancy,Environment International

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Associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and their mixture with oxidative stress biomarkers during pregnancy
Environment International ( IF 10.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107541
Kaitlin R Taibl ₁ , Susan Schantz ₂ , Max T Aung ₃ , Amy Padula ₄ , Sarah Geiger ₅ , Sabrina Smith ₆ , June-Soo Park ₇ , Ginger L Milne ₈ , Joshua F Robinson ₄ , Tracey J Woodruff ₄ , Rachel Morello-Frosch ₉ , Stephanie M Eick ₁

Affiliation

Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL USA; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL USA; Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management and School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Background

Oxidative stress from excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a hypothesized contributor to preterm birth. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure is reported to generate ROS in laboratory settings, and is linked to adverse birth outcomes globally. However, to our knowledge, the relationship between PFAS and oxidative stress has not been examined in the context of human pregnancy.

Objective

To investigate the associations between prenatal PFAS exposure and oxidative stress biomarkers among pregnant people.

Methods

Our analytic sample included 428 participants enrolled in the Illinois Kids Development Study and Chemicals In Our Bodies prospective birth cohorts between 2014 and 2019. Twelve PFAS were measured in second trimester serum. We focused on seven PFAS that were detected in >65 % of participants. Urinary levels of 8-isoprostane-prostaglandin-F_2α, prostaglandin-F_2α, 2,3-dinor-8-iso-PGF_2α, and 2,3-dinor-5,6-dihydro-8-iso-PGF_2α were measured in the second and third trimesters as biomarkers of oxidative stress. We fit linear mixed-effects models to estimate individual associations between PFAS and oxidative stress biomarkers. We used quantile g-computation and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to assess associations between the PFAS mixture and averaged oxidative stress biomarkers.

Results

Linear mixed-effects models showed that an interquartile range increase in perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) was associated with an increase in 8-isoprostane-prostaglandin-F_2α (β = 0.10, 95 % confidence interval = 0, 0.20). In both quantile g-computation and BKMR, and across all oxidative stress biomarkers, PFOS contributed the most to the overall mixture effect. The six remaining PFAS were not significantly associated with changes in oxidative stress biomarkers.

Conclusions

Our study is the first to investigate the relationship between PFAS exposure and biomarkers of oxidative stress during human pregnancy. We found that PFOS was associated with elevated levels of oxidative stress, which is consistent with prior work in animal models and cell lines. Future research is needed to understand how prenatal PFAS exposure and maternal oxidative stress may affect fetal development.

中文翻译：

全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 及其混合物与妊娠期间氧化应激生物标志物的关联

背景

来自过量活性氧 (ROS) 的氧化应激是导致早产的假设因素。据报道，全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 暴露会在实验室环境中产生活性氧，并与全球不良出生结果有关。然而，据我们所知，尚未在人类怀孕的背景下研究 PFAS 与氧化应激之间的关系。

客观的

调查孕妇产前 PFAS 暴露与氧化应激生物标志物之间的关联。

方法

我们的分析样本包括 428 名参加伊利诺伊州儿童发展研究和 2014 年至 2019 年我们体内化学物质前瞻性出生队列的参与者。在孕中期血清中测量了 12 种 PFAS。我们重点关注在 >65% 的参与者中检测到的七种 PFAS。8-isoprostane-prostaglandin-F _2α、prostaglandin-F _2α、2,3-dinor-8- iso -PGF _2α和 2,3-dinor-5,6-dihydro-8- iso -PGF _{2α的尿水平}在第二个和第三个三个月测量作为氧化应激的生物标志物。我们拟合线性混合效应模型来估计 PFAS 和氧化应激生物标志物之间的个体关联。我们使用分位数 g 计算和贝叶斯核机器回归 (BKMR) 来评估 PFAS 混合物与平均氧化应激生物标志物之间的关联。

结果

线性混合效应模型表明，全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS) 的四分位距增加与 8-异前列腺素-前列腺素-F _2α的增加有关（β = 0.10，95% 置信区间 = 0、0.20）。在分位数 g 计算和 BKMR 以及所有氧化应激生物标志物中，PFOS 对整体混合效应的贡献最大。剩下的六种 PFAS 与氧化应激生物标志物的变化没有显着相关性。