Primordial black holes (PBHs) provide an exciting prospect for accounting for dark matter. In this paper, we consider inflationary models that incorporate realistic features from high-energy physics—including multiple interacting scalar fields and nonminimal couplings to the spacetime Ricci scalar—that could produce PBHs with masses in the range required to address the present-day dark matter abundance. Such models are consistent with supersymmetric constructions, and only incorporate operators in the effective action that would be expected from generic effective field theory considerations. The models feature potentials with smooth large-field plateaus together with small-field features that can induce a brief phase of ultraslow-roll evolution. Inflationary dynamics within this family of models yield predictions for observables in close agreement with recent measurements, such as the spectral index of primordial curvature perturbations and the ratio of power spectra for tensor to scalar perturbations. As in previous studies of PBH formation resulting from a period of ultraslow-roll inflation, we find that at least one dimensionless parameter must be highly fine-tuned to produce PBHs in the relevant mass range for dark matter. Nonetheless, we find that the models described here yield accurate predictions for a significant number of observable quantities using a smaller number of relevant free parameters.

中文翻译：

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来自多场膨胀的原始黑洞与非最小耦合

原始黑洞 (PBH) 为解释暗物质提供了令人兴奋的前景。在本文中，我们考虑了结合了高能物理现实特征的暴胀模型——包括多个相互作用的标量场和与时空 Ricci 标量的非最小耦合——可以产生质量在解决当今暗物质所需范围内的 PBH丰富。这样的模型与超对称结构一致，并且仅将算子纳入从通用有效场论考虑中预期的有效动作中。这些模型的特点是具有平滑的大场高原的潜力以及可以诱导超慢滚动演化的短暂阶段的小场特征。这一系列模型中的膨胀动力学对可观测物的预测与最近的测量结果非常一致，例如原始曲率扰动的光谱指数和张量与标量扰动的功率谱之比。正如之前对超慢滚动暴胀导致的 PBH 形成的研究一样，我们发现必须对至少一个无量纲参数进行高度微调，才能在暗物质的相关质量范围内产生 PBH。尽管如此，我们发现这里描述的模型使用较少数量的相关自由参数对大量可观察量产生了准确的预测。正如之前对超慢滚动暴胀导致的 PBH 形成的研究一样，我们发现必须对至少一个无量纲参数进行高度微调，才能在暗物质的相关质量范围内产生 PBH。尽管如此，我们发现这里描述的模型使用较少数量的相关自由参数对大量可观察量产生了准确的预测。正如之前对超慢滚动暴胀导致的 PBH 形成的研究一样，我们发现必须对至少一个无量纲参数进行高度微调，才能在暗物质的相关质量范围内产生 PBH。尽管如此，我们发现这里描述的模型使用较少数量的相关自由参数对大量可观察量产生了准确的预测。