To detect dorsally located osteophytes (OP) on lateral x-ray views and to correlate their presence with the extent of structural joint damage, determined by histologic grading (cartilage damage and synovial inflammation) and radiographic scoring in hand osteoarthritis (HOA). Distal interphalangeal (DIP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints were obtained from post mortem specimens (n = 40). Multiplanar plain x-rays were taken (dorso/palmar (dp) and lateral views). Radiographic OA was determined by the Kellgren and Lawrence classification. Joint samples were prepared for histological analysis and cartilage damage was graded according to the Mankin scoring system. Inflammatory changes of the synovial membrane were scored using the general synovitis score (GSS). Spearman’s correlation was applied to examine the relationship between histological and radiographical changes. Differences between groups were determined by Mann-Whitney test. Bony proliferations that were only detectable on lateral views but reminiscent of OPs on dp images were termed dorso-ventral osteophytes (dvOPs). All joints displaying dvOPs were classified as OA and the presence of dvOPs in DIP and PIP joints correlated with the extent of histological and radiographic joint damage, as well as with patient age. Joint damage in osteoarthritic DIP and PIP joints without any dvOPs was less severe compared to joints with dvOPs. Synovial inflammation was mainly present in joints displaying dvOPs and correlated with joint damage. dvOPs are associated with increasing structural alterations in DIP and PIP joints and can be seen as markers of advanced joint damage. Detecting dvOPs can facilitate the diagnosis process and improve damage estimation in HOA.

中文翻译：

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指间关节的背腹侧骨赘与手骨关节炎的软骨损伤和滑膜炎症相关：一项组织学/放射学研究

在侧位 X 射线视图中检测位于背侧的骨赘 (OP)，并将它们的存在与结构性关节损伤的程度相关联，由组织学分级（软骨损伤和滑膜炎症）和手部骨关节炎 (HOA) 的放射学评分确定。从验尸标本 (n = 40) 获得远端指间 (DIP) 和近端指间 (PIP) 关节。拍摄了多平面 X 光平片（背/手掌 (dp) 和侧视图）。射线照相 OA 由 Kellgren 和 Lawrence 分类确定。准备关节样本用于组织学分析，并根据 Mankin 评分系统对软骨损伤进行分级。使用一般滑膜炎评分 (GSS) 对滑膜的炎症变化进行评分。应用 Spearman 相关性检查组织学和放射学变化之间的关系。组间差异由 Mann-Whitney 检验确定。仅在侧视图上可检测到但让人联想到 dp 图像上的 OP 的骨增生被称为背腹侧骨赘 (dvOPs)。所有显示 dvOPs 的关节都被归类为 OA，DIP 和 PIP 关节中 dvOPs 的存在与组织学和放射学关节损伤的程度以及患者年龄相关。与有 dvOP 的关节相比，没有任何 dvOP 的骨关节炎 DIP 和 PIP 关节的关节损伤不太严重。滑膜炎症主要存在于显示 dvOPs 的关节中，并与关节损伤相关。dvOPs 与 DIP 和 PIP 关节的结构改变增加有关，可被视为晚期关节损伤的标志。检测 dvOPs 可以促进诊断过程并改进 HOA 中的损害估计。