With the continuous development of the manufacturing industry, the proportion of deep hole machining in mechanical processing is increasing. In 304 stainless steel, as a kind of difficult machining material, its deep hole machining demand is also increasing year by year. Due to the physical characteristics of 304 stainless steel and the uncontrollability of gun drilling, the quality of deep hole processing is relatively poor. In this paper, some experimental studies are carried out to solve this engineering problem. Firstly, by analyzing the structure of the gun head, this paper establishes the stress model of the gun head in the processing process. Then, the accuracy of the theory is verified by experiments. Secondly, this research carried out multiple single-factor drilling experiments to change the front angle of the internal and external edges of the gun drill to control the cutting force in the machining process. Based on the analysis of the test results, the influence of the change of the gun drill’s internal and external edge angle on the surface quality of hole wall, chip forming, and hole straightness offset is explored. The results show that the increase in the internal angle of a gun drill can promote the surface roughness of the hole wall and chip forming. And properly increasing the external angle can slow down the straightness offset of the hole. Finally, for the deep hole processing of 304 stainless steel, this paper gives the best edge angle selection of gun drill.

随着制造业的不断发展，深孔加工在机械加工中的比重越来越大。304不锈钢作为一种难加工材料，其深孔加工需求也在逐年增加。由于304不锈钢的物理特性和枪钻的不可控性，深孔加工质量相对较差。本文针对这一工程问题进行了一些实验研究。首先，通过分析枪头的结构，建立了枪头在加工过程中的应力模型。然后，通过实验验证了理论的准确性。第二，本研究进行了多次单因素钻孔实验，通过改变枪钻内外刃前角来控制加工过程中的切削力。在分析试验结果的基础上，探讨了枪钻内外刃角变化对孔壁表面质量、切屑形成、孔直线度偏移的影响。结果表明，枪钻内角的增加可以促进孔壁的表面粗糙度和切屑的形成。而适当增加外角可以减缓孔的直线度偏移。最后，针对304不锈钢的深孔加工，给出了枪钻的最佳刃角选择。在分析试验结果的基础上，探讨了枪钻内外刃角变化对孔壁表面质量、切屑形成、孔直线度偏移的影响。结果表明，枪钻内角的增加可以促进孔壁的表面粗糙度和切屑的形成。而适当增加外角可以减缓孔的直线度偏移。最后，针对304不锈钢的深孔加工，给出了枪钻的最佳刃角选择。在分析试验结果的基础上，探讨了枪钻内外刃角变化对孔壁表面质量、切屑形成、孔直线度偏移的影响。结果表明，枪钻内角的增加可以促进孔壁的表面粗糙度和切屑的形成。而适当增加外角可以减缓孔的直线度偏移。最后，针对304不锈钢的深孔加工，给出了枪钻的最佳刃角选择。结果表明，枪钻内角的增加可以促进孔壁的表面粗糙度和切屑的形成。而适当增加外角可以减缓孔的直线度偏移。最后，针对304不锈钢的深孔加工，给出了枪钻的最佳刃角选择。结果表明，枪钻内角的增加可以促进孔壁的表面粗糙度和切屑的形成。而适当增加外角可以减缓孔的直线度偏移。最后，针对304不锈钢的深孔加工，给出了枪钻的最佳刃角选择。