With agriculture considered key to generating jobs for Africa's growing population, several studies have explored youth aspirations toward farming. While many factors explaining aspirations have been well studied, little is known about the actors' shaping aspirations. We developed a novel framework that focuses on the factors and actors shaping the formation and actual aspirations of rural youth and applied a unique “whole-family” approach based on mixed-methods data collection from adolescents (boys and girls) and corresponding adults. We applied this approach in rural Zambia, collecting data from 348 adolescents and adults in 87 households. The study finds that parents strongly shape youth aspirations—they are much more influential than siblings, peers, church, and media. Male youth are more likely to envision farming (full or part-time) than female youth. The male preference for farming reflects their parent's aspirations and is reinforced by the patriarchal system of land inheritance. Parents' farm characteristics, such as degree of mechanization, are also associated with aspirations. We recommend a “whole-family” approach, which acknowledges the influential role of parents, for policies and programs for rural youth and a stronger focus on gender aspects.

中文翻译：

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农业问题：赞比亚农村的代际联系、性别和青年愿望☆

由于农业被认为是为非洲不断增长的人口创造就业机会的关键，一些研究探索了年轻人对农业的渴望。虽然许多解释愿望的因素已得到充分研究，但对演员的塑造愿望知之甚少。我们开发了一个新颖的框架，重点关注影响农村青年形成和实际愿望的因素和行动者，并应用了一种独特的“全家”方法，该方法基于从青少年（男孩和女孩）和相应成年人收集的混合方法数据。我们在赞比亚农村地区应用了这种方法，收集了来自 87 个家庭的 348 名青少年和成年人的数据。研究发现，父母对年轻人的抱负有很大的影响——他们比兄弟姐妹、同龄人、教会和媒体更有影响力。男性青年比女性青年更有可能设想农业（全职或兼职）。男性对农业的偏好反映了他们父母的愿望，并因土地继承的父权制度而得到加强。父母的农场特征，例如机械化程度，也与愿望有关。我们建议在针对农村青年的政策和计划中采用“全家”方法，承认父母的影响力，并更加关注性别方面。