Delayed silking relative to pollen shed, measured as the anthesis–silking interval (ASI, the period between pollen shed and silking), is a good indicator of response to abiotic stresses in maize (Zea mays L.). This research was conducted to investigate how ASI is affected by nitrogen (N) and water availability and to assess the utility of ASI to indirectly predict grain yield (GY) under contrasting water and N treatments. Two experiments were conducted in Hancock, WI, in 2018 and 2019. One experiment (Diverse hybrids) included 302 hybrids resulting from the cross of diverse inbred lines by a single tester evaluated at four different treatment levels resulting from combining nonlimited and low N with nonlimited and low water treatments. The second experiment (NSS FAC) included a set of 408 hybrids derived from the cross of biparental doubled-haploid lines from 13 factorial populations and evaluated under nonlimited and low N treatments. Anthesis and silk time in growing degree days, and GY (Mg ha⁻¹) were measured. Genomic prediction was assessed using a genomic best linear unbiased prediction model, and predictive ability was calculated as the correlation between genomic predictions and adjusted means in the different treatments. Predictive ability ranged from .15 to .49 for NSS FAC and from .06 to .51 for Diverse hybrids across traits and treatments. The ASI was a good indicator of stress and showed higher heritability than GY in the limited treatments for both experiments; however, it did not improve yield predictability.

中文翻译：

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开花-吐丝间隔信息在水和氮限制条件下预测谷物产量的效用

相对于花粉脱落的延迟吐丝，以开花-吐丝间隔（ASI，花粉脱落和吐丝之间的时间）来衡量，是玉米（ Zea mays）对非生物胁迫反应的良好指标L.）。进行这项研究是为了调查 ASI 如何受氮 (N) 和可用水的影响，并评估 ASI 在对比水和氮处理下间接预测谷物产量 (GY) 的效用。两个实验分别于 2018 年和 2019 年在威斯康星州汉考克进行。一个实验（多样化杂交种）包括 302 个杂交种，这些杂交种是由单个测试人员杂交不同近交系产生的，这些杂交种在四个不同的处理水平下进行评估，这些处理水平是将非限制和低 N 与非限制相结合产生的和低水处理。第二个实验 (NSS FAC) 包括一组 408 个杂种，这些杂种来自 13 个因子群体的双亲双单倍体系的杂交，并在非限制和低 N 处理下进行评估。生长度日的开花和吐丝时间，以及 GY (Mg ha ^-1) 进行了测量。使用基因组最佳线性无偏预测模型评估基因组预测，预测能力计算为基因组预测与不同治疗中调整均值之间的相关性。NSS FAC 的预测能力范围为 0.15 至 0.49，跨性状和处理的 Diverse 杂交种的预测能力范围为 0.06 至 0.51。ASI 是一个很好的压力指标，并且在两个实验的有限处理中显示出比 GY 更高的遗传力；然而，它并没有提高产量的可预测性。