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Low-temperature creep of binderless tungsten carbide with different grain sizes
arXiv - PHYS - Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-09-25 , DOI: arxiv-2209.12308 E. A. LantcevLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, A. V. NokhrinLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, V. N. Chuvil'deevLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, M. S. BoldinLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Yu. V. BlagoveshchenskiyA.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Science, P. V. AndreevLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, K. E. SmetaninaLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, A. A. MurashovLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, N. V. IsaevaA.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Science, A. V. TerentyevA.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Science, N. Yu. TabachkovaNational University of Science and Technology "MISIS"A.N. Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Science
arXiv - PHYS - Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-09-25 , DOI: arxiv-2209.12308 E. A. LantcevLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, A. V. NokhrinLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, V. N. Chuvil'deevLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, M. S. BoldinLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Yu. V. BlagoveshchenskiyA.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Science, P. V. AndreevLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, K. E. SmetaninaLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, A. A. MurashovLobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, N. V. IsaevaA.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Science, A. V. TerentyevA.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Science, N. Yu. TabachkovaNational University of Science and Technology "MISIS"A.N. Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Science
The creep mechanism in the compression testing of the tungsten carbide with
different grain sizes has been studied. The WC samples with high density
(96.1-99.2%) were obtained by SPS from nano-, submicron, and micron-grade WC
powders. The samples had a coarse-grained (CG) surface layers of ~0.3 mm in
thickness and ultrafine-grained (UFG) central parts consisting of WC with a
small fraction of W2C. The creep tests were conducted in two regimes: (Mode #1)
holding at different temperatures (1300-1375C) at 70 MPa; (Mode #2) tests at
different stresses (50, 70, 90 MPa) at 1325C. Tests in Mode #1 were done to
determine the effective creep activation energy Qcr while tests in Mode #2 - to
determine the coefficient n in the power law creep equation. The increasing of
the fraction of the W2C particles from 1.7 up to 4% was found to result in a
decrease in the Qcr from 17.5 down to 13 kTm. The coefficient n equals to
3.1-3.7. The Qcr in the WC sintered from nanopowders was shown to be 31 kTm.
This value is 1.5-2 times greater than the Qcr in the UFG samples obtained by
SPS from commercial powders. The increased fraction of the W2C formed when
sintering the nanopowders with increased adsorbed oxygen concentration was
suggested to be one of the origins of the increase in the Qcr when testing the
UFG samples. The mechanical removing of the CG layers from the surfaces of the
tungsten carbide sample was shown to result in an accelerated creep,
insufficient decrease in the Qcr and coefficient n to 2.5-2.6. The creep rate
of the samples was suggested to be determined simultaneously by the creep
process in the CG surface layers and the creep process in the UFG central parts
of the samples. The creep rate in the surface CG layers is determined by
intensity of carbon diffusion in the WC crystal lattice while the creep rate in
the UFG central parts - by the intensity of grain boundary diffusion.
中文翻译：
不同晶粒度无粘结剂碳化钨的低温蠕变
研究了不同晶粒尺寸碳化钨压缩试验中的蠕变机理。通过 SPS 从纳米级、亚微米级和微米级 WC 粉末中获得高密度 (96.1-99.2%) 的 WC 样品。样品具有厚度约为 0.3 mm 的粗粒 (CG) 表面层和由 WC 和一小部分 W2C 组成的超细粒 (UFG) 中心部分。蠕变试验在两种状态下进行：（模式#1）在不同温度（1300-1375℃）下保持 70 MPa；（模式 #2）在 1325C 下在不同应力（50、70、90 MPa）下进行测试。在模式#1 中进行测试以确定有效蠕变激活能Qcr，而在模式#2 中进行测试以确定幂律蠕变方程中的系数n。W2C 颗粒的比例从 1 开始增加。发现 7 到 4% 导致 Qcr 从 17.5 下降到 13 kTm。系数n等于3.1-3.7。由纳米粉末烧结而成的 WC 中的 Qcr 显示为 31 kTm。该值比通过 SPS 从商业粉末获得的 UFG 样品中的 Qcr 大 1.5-2 倍。当用增加的吸附氧浓度烧结纳米粉末时形成的 W2C 的增加部分被认为是测试 UFG 样品时 Qcr 增加的原因之一。从碳化钨样品的表面机械去除 CG 层会导致加速蠕变、Qcr 和系数 n 降低到 2.5-2.6 不足。建议样品的蠕变速率由CG表层的蠕变过程和样品的UFG中心部分的蠕变过程同时确定。表面CG层的蠕变速率由WC晶格中的碳扩散强度决定，而UFG中心部分的蠕变速率由晶界扩散的强度决定。
更新日期：2022-09-27
中文翻译：
不同晶粒度无粘结剂碳化钨的低温蠕变
研究了不同晶粒尺寸碳化钨压缩试验中的蠕变机理。通过 SPS 从纳米级、亚微米级和微米级 WC 粉末中获得高密度 (96.1-99.2%) 的 WC 样品。样品具有厚度约为 0.3 mm 的粗粒 (CG) 表面层和由 WC 和一小部分 W2C 组成的超细粒 (UFG) 中心部分。蠕变试验在两种状态下进行：（模式#1）在不同温度（1300-1375℃）下保持 70 MPa；（模式 #2）在 1325C 下在不同应力（50、70、90 MPa）下进行测试。在模式#1 中进行测试以确定有效蠕变激活能Qcr，而在模式#2 中进行测试以确定幂律蠕变方程中的系数n。W2C 颗粒的比例从 1 开始增加。发现 7 到 4% 导致 Qcr 从 17.5 下降到 13 kTm。系数n等于3.1-3.7。由纳米粉末烧结而成的 WC 中的 Qcr 显示为 31 kTm。该值比通过 SPS 从商业粉末获得的 UFG 样品中的 Qcr 大 1.5-2 倍。当用增加的吸附氧浓度烧结纳米粉末时形成的 W2C 的增加部分被认为是测试 UFG 样品时 Qcr 增加的原因之一。从碳化钨样品的表面机械去除 CG 层会导致加速蠕变、Qcr 和系数 n 降低到 2.5-2.6 不足。建议样品的蠕变速率由CG表层的蠕变过程和样品的UFG中心部分的蠕变过程同时确定。表面CG层的蠕变速率由WC晶格中的碳扩散强度决定，而UFG中心部分的蠕变速率由晶界扩散的强度决定。
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