Solar vapor generation is regarded as a promising approach to alleviate the water shortage crisis via desalination, while the efficiency is limited by the insufficient vapor escape and adverse effect of salt deposition. Herein, a pyramid structural solar vapor generator is developed combing electrospun polyacrylonitrile/carbon nanotubes (PAN/CNTs) nanofibers and 3D printing technology. Benefiting from the excellent light absorption (98.3%) and photothermal property as well as the good water transportation ability, the optimum sample with concave-convex macroscopic morphology and hierarchical porous microstructure exhibits the evaporation rate up to 2.62 kg m^-2h⁻¹ under one sun illumination. Moreover, with the merit of crisscross stacking characteristic of the sample, the evaporation rate can improve further to 8.31 kg m^-2h⁻¹ under the convective flow of 4 m s⁻¹. More importantly, the evaporator can still achieve a high-level evaporation rate and has good self-cleaning property in high-concentration brine. The unique preparation strategy enables the resultant 3D printed electrospun nanofiber-based pyramid-shaped evaporator to act as a reliable and efficient platform for efficient desalination.

太阳能蒸汽发电被认为是一种通过海水淡化缓解水资源短缺危机的有前景的方法，但其效率受到蒸汽逸出不足和盐沉积的不利影响的限制。本文结合电纺聚丙烯腈/碳纳米管 (PAN/CNTs) 纳米纤维和 3D 打印技术开发了一种金字塔结构的太阳能蒸汽发生器。得益于优异的光吸收（98.3%）和光热性能以及良好的水传输能力，具有凹凸宏观形貌和分级多孔微观结构的最佳样品的蒸发速率高达2.62 kg m ^-2 h ^-1在一个太阳照明下。此外，由于样品的交错堆叠特性，在4 m s -1 的对流下，蒸发速率可以进一步提高到8.31 ^kg m ^-2 h ^-1。更重要的是，蒸发器在高浓度盐水中仍能达到较高的蒸发率，并具有良好的自洁性。独特的制备策略使所得 3D 打印的基于电纺纳米纤维的金字塔形蒸发器能够作为高效脱盐的可靠且高效的平台。