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Attenuated humoral response against SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients
Cancer Science ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-26 , DOI: 10.1111/cas.15603
Takashi Toya 1 , Yuya Atsuta 1 , Takahiro Sanada 2 , Tomoko Honda 2 , Daichi Sadato 3 , Noritaka Sekiya 4, 5 , Hiroko Kogure 3 , Sonomi Takakuwa 3 , Daishi Onai 1 , Naoki Shingai 1 , Hiroaki Shimizu 1 , Yuho Najima 1 , Takeshi Kobayashi 1 , Kazuteru Ohashi 1 , Yuka Harada 3 , Michinori Kohara 2 , Noriko Doki 1
Affiliation  

Antibody persistence several months after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccination in allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients remains largely unknown. We sequentially evaluated the humoral response to two doses of mRNA vaccines in 128 adult recipients and identified the risk factors involved in a poor response. The median interval between stem cell transplantation and vaccination was 2.7 years. The SARS-CoV-2 S1 Ab became positive after the second vaccination dose in 87.6% of the recipients, and the median titer was 1235.4 arbitrary units (AU)/ml. In patients on corticosteroid treatment, the corticosteroid dose inversely correlated with Ab titer. Multivariate analysis identified risk factors for poor peak response such as an interval from stem cell transplantation ≤1 year, history of clinically significant CMV infection, and use of >5 mg/day prednisolone at vaccination. Six months after vaccination, the median titer decreased to 185.15 AU/ml, and use of >5 mg/day prednisolone at vaccination was significantly associated with a poor response. These results indicate that early vaccination after stem cell transplantation (<12 months) and CMV infection are risk factors for poor peak response, while steroid use is important for a peak as well as a persistent response. In conclusion, although humoral response is observed in many stem cell transplantation recipients after two doses of vaccination, Ab titers diminish with time, and factors associated with persistence and a peak immunity should be considered separately.

中文翻译:

同种异体干细胞移植受者对 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA 疫苗接种的体液反应减弱

在同种异体干细胞移植受者中接种严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA 疫苗后数月抗体的持续性在很大程度上仍然未知。我们依次评估了 128 名成人接受者对两剂 mRNA 疫苗的体液反应,并确定了反应不良的风险因素。干细胞移植和疫苗接种之间的中位间隔时间为 2.7 年。87.6% 的接受者在第二次接种疫苗后 SARS-CoV-2 S1 Ab 变为阳性,滴度中位数为 1235.4 任意单位 (AU)/ml。在接受皮质类固醇治疗的患者中,皮质类固醇剂量与 Ab 滴度呈负相关。多变量分析确定了峰值反应差的风险因素,例如干细胞移植间隔≤1年,有临床意义的 CMV 感染史,并且在接种疫苗时使用 >5 mg/天的泼尼松龙。接种疫苗后六个月,中位滴度降至 185.15 AU/ml,并且在接种疫苗时使用 >5 mg/天的泼尼松龙与不良反应显着相关。这些结果表明,干细胞移植后早期接种疫苗(<12 个月)和 CMV 感染是峰值反应差的危险因素,而类固醇的使用对于峰值反应和持续反应都很重要。总之,尽管在接种两剂疫苗后在许多干细胞移植受者中观察到体液反应,但 Ab 滴度会随着时间的推移而降低,并且应分别考虑与持久性和免疫力峰值相关的因素。接种疫苗后六个月,中位滴度降至 185.15 AU/ml,并且在接种疫苗时使用 >5 mg/天的泼尼松龙与不良反应显着相关。这些结果表明,干细胞移植后早期接种疫苗(<12 个月)和 CMV 感染是峰值反应差的危险因素,而类固醇的使用对于峰值反应和持续反应都很重要。总之,尽管在接种两剂疫苗后在许多干细胞移植受者中观察到体液反应,但 Ab 滴度会随着时间的推移而降低,并且应分别考虑与持久性和免疫力峰值相关的因素。接种疫苗后六个月,中位滴度降至 185.15 AU/ml,并且在接种疫苗时使用 >5 mg/天的泼尼松龙与不良反应显着相关。这些结果表明,干细胞移植后早期接种疫苗(<12 个月)和 CMV 感染是峰值反应差的危险因素,而类固醇的使用对于峰值反应和持续反应都很重要。总之,尽管在接种两剂疫苗后在许多干细胞移植受者中观察到体液反应,但 Ab 滴度会随着时间的推移而降低,并且应分别考虑与持久性和免疫力峰值相关的因素。这些结果表明,干细胞移植后早期接种疫苗(<12 个月)和 CMV 感染是峰值反应差的危险因素,而类固醇的使用对于峰值反应和持续反应都很重要。总之,尽管在接种两剂疫苗后在许多干细胞移植受者中观察到体液反应,但 Ab 滴度会随着时间的推移而降低,并且应分别考虑与持久性和免疫力峰值相关的因素。这些结果表明,干细胞移植后早期接种疫苗(<12 个月)和 CMV 感染是峰值反应差的危险因素,而类固醇的使用对于峰值反应和持续反应都很重要。总之,尽管在接种两剂疫苗后在许多干细胞移植受者中观察到体液反应,但 Ab 滴度会随着时间的推移而降低,并且应分别考虑与持久性和免疫力峰值相关的因素。
更新日期:2022-09-26
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