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Identification and classification of the wet Red Sea Trough over Israel
International Journal of Climatology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-25 , DOI: 10.1002/joc.7884
Baruch Ziv 1 , Ran Shimer 2 , Tzvi Harpaz 1, 3 , Ron Drori 1 , Pinhas Alpert 2 , Shira Raveh‐Rubin 4 , Hadas Saaroni 3
Affiliation  

The Red-Sea Trough (RST) extends toward the Levant from the south and is mostly associated with dry conditions. This study analysed the rarer type, rain-producing RSTs, referred to as ‘wet RSTs’ (WRST), using data from 1958 to 2019. A WRST archive was established, based on rain data from a study region covering the arid part of Israel, the region where this system is most active. The study also aimed to find an atmospheric proxy for rainfall, to replace precipitation estimates obtained from climate models. A WRST day was defined as a day when the RST was identified and rainfall of ≥0.1 mm was observed by at least two of the 39 rain stations used. The annual occurrence of WRSTs is 16.4 days, ~16% of all RSTs, peaking in the winter. The relative contribution of WRSTs to the annual rainfall ranges from 16% in the northern part of the study region to 50% in the south. The tropical air intrusion was quantified through trajectory analysis and the results revealed that in most WRST days, 72%, the fraction of air originating from the tropics was less than 10% and only in 3.7% of the days did it exceed 50%. Attempts to extract an atmospheric proxy which identifies a WRST did not yield significant separation between dry and wet RSTs, because of significant differences among several WRST types. Therefore, identification of future changes in WRSTs will still require the use of rainfall data offered by climate models. We automatically classified the WRST days into four types. Two types are associated with 850 hPa negative temperature anomalies and the other two with higher-than-normal temperatures, resembling ‘tropical-like’ RSTs, which are known as ‘active RSTs’ and tropical plumes. A predictive equation was extracted to quantify the tropical air intrusion and replace the use of trajectory analysis in future studies.

中文翻译:

以色列上空湿红海槽的识别和分类

红海槽 (RST) 从南部向黎凡特延伸,主要与干旱条件有关。本研究使用 1958 年至 2019 年的数据分析了较为罕见的产雨 RST,称为“湿 RST”(WRST)。根据覆盖以色列干旱地区的研究区域的降雨数据,建立了 WRST 档案,该系统最活跃的区域。该研究还旨在找到降雨的大气代表,以取代从气候模型获得的降水估计。WRST 日定义为确定 RST 并且所用 39 个雨站中至少有两个观测到降雨量≥0.1 毫米的一天。WRSTs 每年发生 16.4 天,约占所有 RSTs 的 16%,在冬季达到高峰。WRSTs对年降水量的相对贡献从研究区北部的16%到南部的50%不等。通过轨迹分析对热带空气入侵进行了量化,结果显示,在大多数 WRST 天数中,72% 来自热带的空气比例低于 10%,只有 3.7% 的天数超过 50%。由于几种 WRST 类型之间存在显着差异,尝试提取识别 WRST 的大气代理并未在干 RST 和湿 RST 之间产生显着分离。因此,确定 WRST 的未来变化仍需要使用气候模型提供的降雨数据。我们自动将 WRST 天分为四种类型。两种类型与 850 hPa 负温度异常有关,另两种类型与高于正常温度的温度有关,类似于“类热带”RST,被称为“活动 RST”和热带羽流。提取了一个预测方程来量化热带空气入侵,并在未来的研究中取代轨迹分析的使用。
更新日期:2022-09-25
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