Purpose: We assessed maintenance of skeletal advantages 3 years after completion of a 2-year, school-based, controlled exercise trial in adolescent girls. Method: Middle-school girls participated in a resistance training program embedded in physical education classes. Effort groups (low-effort group [LO] and high-effort group [HI]) were identified; the control group (CON) participated in standard physical education at a separate school. Baseline and follow-up (FU) assessments at 6, 18, and 54 (FU3) months included densitometry, anthropometry, and questionnaires assessing physical maturity and nonintervention organized physical activity. Linear mixed effects models were fit to evaluate bone outcomes across all FU time points for CON versus LO/HI. Results: Sixty-eight girls (23 CON/25 HI/20 LO) were 11.6 (0.3) years at baseline. Bone parameters did not differ at baseline, except femoral neck bone mineral density (LO < HI/CON, P < .05). Forty-seven participants provided FU3 assessment: 17 CON/16 HI/14 LO. After adjusting for height, gynecologic age, baseline bone, and organized physical activity, bone gains across all time points were greater for HI versus CON for legs bone mineral content, femoral neck bone mineral content/bone mineral density, and third lumbar vertebra bone mineral content/bone mineral density (P ≤ .05). At FU3, bone values were greater for HI versus CON at subhead, legs, femoral neck, and third lumbar vertebra (P < .03). Conclusion: Adolescent girls who exerted high effort in a school-based resistance training program demonstrated significant skeletal benefits 3 years after program completion.

目的：我们评估了青春期女孩在完成为期 2 年的以学校为基础的对照运动试验后 3 年骨骼优势的维持情况。方法：中学女生参加了体育课中嵌入的阻力训练计划。确定了努力组（低努力组 [LO] 和高努力组 [HI]）；对照组 (CON) 在另一所学校参加标准体育课。6、18 和 54 (FU3) 个月时的基线和随访 (FU) 评估包括密度测量、人体测量和评估身体成熟度和非干预组织的身体活动的问卷。线性混合效应模型适用于评估 CON 与 LO/HI 的所有 FU 时间点的骨骼结果。结果： 68 名女孩 (23 CON/25 HI/20 LO) 的基线年龄为 11.6 (0.3) 岁。骨参数在基线时没有差异，除了股骨颈骨矿物质密度 (LO < HI/CON，P  < .05)。47 名参与者提供了 FU3 评估：17 CON/16 HI/14 LO。在针对身高、妇科年龄、基线骨和有组织的体育活动进行调整后，在所有时间点，HI 组的骨量增加均大于 CON 组的腿部骨矿物质含量、股骨颈骨矿物质含量/骨矿物质密度和第三腰椎骨矿物质含量含量/骨矿物质密度 ( P  ≤ .05)。在 FU3，在副头、腿、股骨颈和第三腰椎处，HI 与 CON 的骨值更大 ( P  < .03)。结论：在学校阻力训练计划中付出高努力的青春期女孩在计划完成 3 年后表现出显着的骨骼益处。