Salt stress simultaneously causes ionic toxicity, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress, which directly impact plant growth and development. Plants have developed numerous strategies to adapt to saline environments. Whereas some of these strategies have been investigated and exploited for crop improvement, much remains to be understood, including how salt stress is perceived by plants and how plants coordinate effective responses to the stress. It is, however, clear that the plant cell wall is the first contact point between external salt and the plant. In this context, significant advances in our understanding of halotropism, cell wall synthesis, and integrity surveillance, as well as salt-related cytoskeletal rearrangements, have been achieved. Indeed, molecular mechanisms underpinning some of these processes have recently been elucidated. In this review, we aim to provide insights into how plants respond and adapt to salt stress, with a special focus on primary cell wall biology in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.

中文翻译：

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盐胁迫期间原代细胞壁的细胞生物学。

盐胁迫同时引起离子毒性、渗透胁迫和氧化胁迫，直接影响植物的生长发育。植物已经发展出多种适应盐碱环境的策略。尽管已经研究并利用了其中一些策略来改良作物，但仍有许多问题有待了解，包括植物如何感知盐胁迫以及植物如何协调对胁迫的有效反应。然而，很明显植物细胞壁是外部盐分与植物之间的第一个接触点。在这种情况下，我们对嗜盐性、细胞壁合成和完整性监测以及与盐相关的细胞骨架重排的理解取得了重大进展。实际上，最近已经阐明了支持其中一些过程的分子机制。