The layout of a process plant is an essential factor in designing a chemical process which can lead to enhance the performance of the plant as well as reducing economic damages in the case of any incident in the plant. In this study, a mathematical formulation of the plant layout problem considering possible scenarios including fire, explosion, domino effects, and the existence of safety devices is proposed. Benefiting from Bat metaheuristic algorithm at the onset, the mathematical model was validated with a case study from one of our references and was then implemented on a large-scale chemical process plant. The results illustrate that the proposed model can reduce piping costs, land cost, domino hazard index, and the costs associated with domino escalation up to 30%. In addition, Lack of safety devices can increase the piping cost of the plant up to 20%. It was concluded that the proposed model can effectively improve the safety of a plant and reduces its layout costs.

加工厂的布局是设计化学工艺的重要因素，它可以提高工厂的性能，并在工厂发生任何事故时减少经济损失。在这项研究中，提出了考虑可能的场景（包括火灾、爆炸、多米诺效应和安全装置的存在）的工厂布局问题的数学公式。从一开始就受益于 Bat 元启发式算法，该数学模型通过我们的一个参考文献中的案例研究进行了验证，然后在大型化工厂中实施。结果表明，所提出的模型可以将管道成本、土地成本、多米诺危险指数以及与多米诺升级相关的成本降低多达 30%。此外，缺乏安全装置会使工厂的管道成本增加高达 20%。得出的结论是，所提出的模型可以有效地提高工厂的安全性并降低其布局成本。