Legumes are an essential source of nutrients that complement energy and protein requirements in the human diet. They also contribute to the intake of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, whose content can vary depending on cultivars and genotypes. We conducted a comparative proteomics and metabolomics study to determine if there were significant variations in relevant nutraceutical compounds in the five genotypes of Kabuli-type chickpea grains. We performed an isobaric tandem mass tag (TMT) couple to synchronous precursor selection (SPS)-MS3 method along with a targeted and untargeted metabolomics approach based on accurate mass spectrometry. We observed an association between the overproduction of proteins involved in starch, lipid, and amino acid metabolism with gibberellin accumulation in large grains. In contrast, we visualized the over-accumulation of proteins associated with water deprivation in small grains. It was possible to visualize in small grains the over-accumulation of some phenolics such as vanillin, salicylic acid, protocatechuic acid, 4-coumaric acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, and kaempferol 3-O-glucoside as well as the amino acid l-phenylalanine. The activated phenolic pathway was associated with the higher antioxidant capacity of small grains. Small grains consumption could be advantageous due to their nutraceutical properties.

中文翻译：

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蛋白质代谢组学分析揭示了鹰嘴豆 (Cicer arietinum L.) 种子基因型中与粒度和抗氧化特性相关的分子特征

豆类是补充人类饮食中能量和蛋白质需求的重要营养来源。它们还有助于摄入生物活性化合物，例如多酚，其含量可能因品种和基因型而异。我们进行了比较蛋白质组学和代谢组学研究，以确定 Kabuli 型鹰嘴豆粒的五种基因型中相关营养成分是否存在显着差异。我们执行了等压串联质量标签 (TMT) 耦合到同步前体选择 (SPS)-MS3 方法以及基于精确质谱的靶向和非靶向代谢组学方法。我们观察到参与淀粉、脂质和氨基酸代谢的蛋白质的过量产生与大粒中赤霉素的积累之间存在关联。相比之下，我们可视化了与小谷物中缺水相关的蛋白质的过度积累。可以在小颗粒中观察到一些酚类物质的过度积累，例如香草醛、水杨酸、原儿茶酸、4-香豆酸、4-羟基苯甲酸、香草酸、阿魏酸和山奈酚 3-O-葡萄糖苷以及氨基酸l-苯丙氨酸。活化的酚类途径与小颗粒较高的抗氧化能力有关。由于它们的营养特性，食用小谷物可能是有利的。