In this paper, the authors aim to support users when modelling scenarios with complex processes entailing thermal loads and infiltrations. The large building analysed is a logistics centre for the replenishment and distribution of perishable foodstuffs where cold chains must be maintained. The logistics centre, with 96 loading/unloading docks, handles large turnovers of different goods. This produces heat inside the facility. Due to continuous loading/unloading, the infiltrations in the building, and the fixed and variable thermal loads, this facility consumes a large amount of energy.

Aiming to optimise the centre and contribute to sustainable development goal SDG7, this building has been modelled with a classical non-D envelope using TRNBuild® and also with the more sophisticated 3D software, SketchUp®, to compare and validate their results over a year with real consumption, as well as to assess the main sources of energy consumption. To obtain reliable results, the authors provide some methodology models to identify the sources of the building's thermal losses and quantify the different sources of consumption. These models are useful tools to support decision-makers (to improve insulation and arrange loads, among other things) when trying to reduce energy use in large buildings with intense operating processes.

The results indicate that by modelling the entire facility with 3D software, the model estimation differs from real consumption by around 7.22%, while using a non-D model increases the difference to 26%. Additionally, the results show that around 47% of the energy consumption in the building is due to air infiltrations during loading/unloading, 18% is due to perishable products, and around 30% is due to building insulation. The methodology and models presented here, including the possibility of modifying the thermal load profiles, have demonstrated their capacity to reduce and optimise the load demand of refrigeration for warehouses if reliable data records are available.

在本文中，作者的目标是在对包含热负荷和渗透的复杂过程的场景进行建模时为用户提供支持。所分析的大型建筑是一个物流中心，用于补充和分配易腐烂食品，必须维持冷链。物流中心拥有 96 个装卸码头，处理大量不同货物的周转。这会在设施内部产生热量。由于连续装载/卸载、建筑物中的渗透以及固定和可变的热负荷，该设施消耗大量能源。

为了优化中心并为可持续发展目标 SDG7 做出贡献，这座建筑已使用 TRNBuild® 和更复杂的 3D 软件 SketchUp® 对经典的非 D 外壳进行建模，以比较和验证他们一年来的结果实际消耗，以及评估能源消耗的主要来源。为了获得可靠的结果，作者提供了一些方法模型来识别建筑物热损失的来源并量化不同的消耗来源。这些模型是有用的工具，可以帮助决策者（以改善绝缘和安排负载等）在运行过程密集的大型建筑物中尝试减少能源使用。

结果表明，通过使用 3D 软件对整个设施进行建模，模型估计与实际消耗的差异约为 7.22%，而使用非 D 模型将差异增加到 26%。此外，研究结果表明，建筑中约 47% 的能源消耗是由于装卸过程中的空气渗入，18% 是由于易腐产品，约 30% 是由于建筑保温。这里介绍的方法和模型，包括修改热负荷曲线的可能性，已经证明了如果有可靠的数据记录，它们能够减少和优化仓库制冷的负荷需求。