The NVH (noise, vibration, harshness) performance of a motor is one of the main problems affecting the comfort, safety, and reliability of electric vehicles. Electromagnetic force is the main cause of motor noise. Most of the existing research focuses on the overall noise level, and does not consider the impact of specific orders of electromagnetic force on noise, which results in a lack of applicability of noise reduction techniques. In this paper, a rotor with an auxiliary slot was used to weaken the electromagnetic force. A multi-objective optimization algorithm combining finite-element simulation with a response surface method was proposed. To determine the relationship between specific orders of electromagnetic force and the auxiliary slot parameters, simulation experiments were carried out with a large range and a large step size in finite-element analysis software. Then, the parameter range with a low value of electromagnetic force was selected. In this new range, the response surface method was used to establish the parameter and electromagnetic force expressions. Then, the linear weighting method in the multi-objective optimization algorithm was selected to determine the objective function of the multi-order electromagnetic force optimization. The weight of each order of electromagnetic force was set according to its contribution to the noise. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by simulations. Simulation results show that this method can quickly and effectively determine the optimal size of the auxiliary slot. In addition, the maximum value of the noise was reduced from 107.6 to 103.2 dB.

电机的 NVH（噪声、振动、粗糙度）性能是影响电动汽车舒适性、安全性和可靠性的主要问题之一。电磁力是电机噪声的主要原因。现有的研究大多集中在整体噪声水平上，没有考虑特定阶数的电磁力对噪声的影响，导致降噪技术缺乏适用性。在本文中，使用带有辅助槽的转子来减弱电磁力。提出了一种将有限元模拟与响应面法相结合的多目标优化算法。为了确定电磁力的特定阶数与辅助槽参数之间的关系，在有限元分析软件中进行了大范围、大步长的仿真实验。然后，选择电磁力值较低的参数范围。在这个新范围内，采用响应面法建立参数和电磁力表达式。然后，选择多目标优化算法中的线性加权法确定多阶电磁力优化的目标函数。每一阶电磁力的权重是根据其对噪声的贡献来设定的。最后通过仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。仿真结果表明，该方法可以快速有效地确定辅助槽的最优尺寸。此外，