There are a large number of pharmaceutical products in the market containing heterocyclic compounds. Heterocyclic compounds are explored in the field of therapeutics due to their unique physicochemical and pharmacological properties. A large number of heterocyclic compounds existing in the pharmaceutical market have marked anticancer activity and many of them are under research investigations to treat different types of cancers. Anticancer heterocyclic compounds show many shortcomings such as other anticancer agents in bioavailability and site-specific drug delivery resulting in toxicity and decreased patient compliance. These shortcomings can be eliminated by applying the principles of nanotechnology. The present review discloses the biochemical mechanism of action, different biological targets, intrinsic shortcomings, and structure-activity relationships of anticancer heterocyclic compounds. Furthermore, the role of different nanocarrier systems in selective biological targeting and alteration of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of anticancer heterocyclic compounds will be discussed in detail.

中文翻译：

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探索抗癌杂环化合物的治疗潜力：在纳米药物治疗中的作用

市场上有大量含有杂环化合物的药物产品。杂环化合物由于其独特的物理化学和药理学特性而在治疗学领域得到探索。医药市场上存在的大量杂环化合物具有显着的抗癌活性，其中许多正在研究中以治疗不同类型的癌症。抗癌杂环化合物显示出许多缺点，例如其他抗癌药物在生物利用度和位点特异性药物递送方面导致毒性和降低患者依从性。这些缺点可以通过应用纳米技术原理来消除。本综述揭示了作用的生化机制、不同的生物靶点、内在的缺点、抗癌杂环化合物的构效关系。此外，将详细讨论不同纳米载体系统在选择性生物靶向和改变抗癌杂环化合物的药代动力学和药效学特性方面的作用。