Coronavirus (COVID-19) laid bare the disproportionate effects of infectious agents on vulnerable communities. However, historically, infectious diseases have long been known to affect certain communities to a greater extent than others. The mechanisms behind these differences are multifactorial, and lie less in biological susceptibility and instead more on socioeconomic factors and other social determinants of health. This article highlights health disparities in common infections such as respiratory syncytial virus, tuberculosis, HIV, syphilis, and influenza and will use lessons learned from previous pathogens and infectious disease disparities in vulnerable populations to provide context to the COVID-19 pandemic.

中文翻译：

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传染病儿科健康差异的历史视角：几个世纪的形成。

冠状病毒 (COVID-19) 暴露了传染原对脆弱社区的过度影响。然而，从历史上看，人们早就知道传染病对某些社区的影响比对其他社区的影响更大。这些差异背后的机制是多因素的，较少取决于生物易感性，更多取决于社会经济因素和其他社会健康决定因素。本文重点介绍了呼吸道合胞病毒、结核病、艾滋病毒、梅毒和流感等常见感染的健康差异，并将利用从以往病原体和易感人群的传染病差异中吸取的教训，为 COVID-19 大流行提供背景信息。