Power outages in the U.S. affect many firms' economic activity and are likely to result in downstream supply chain disruptions. This paper examines the impact of power disturbances in the supply chain for four industries: manufacturing, durable goods manufacturing, nondurable goods manufacturing, and total private industry. This indirect impact includes the losses at downstream firms that might not receive supplies on time due to disturbances at their suppliers' facilities. This is measured using observations of value added before and after power disturbances rather than the more common method of modeling an economy. This paper tests four hypotheses related to the effect of power disturbances with all four of them being supported by the model results. Further, using simulation we estimate the indirect costs of power disturbances. The results suggest that power disturbances have a statistically significant effect on gross domestic product (i.e., value added), particularly in manufacturing where power disturbances in the supply chain had a statistically significant effect. While this industry represents 12.8% of private industry value added, it experiences 36.8% of the supply chain losses due to power disturbances, as suggested by the results of the simulation. Power disturbances in the supply chain affected all four industries with nondurable goods being affected the most. This creates a significant disconnect between the stakeholder that invests in reliability in the power grid and the stakeholders that experience the bulk of losses.

美国停电影响许多公司的经济活动，并可能导致下游供应链中断。本文研究了电力干扰对四个行业供应链的影响：制造业、耐用品制造业、非耐用品制造业和整个私营工业。这种间接影响包括由于供应商设施出现故障而可能无法按时收到供应品的下游公司的损失。这是通过观察电力干扰前后的增加值来衡量的，而不是更常见的经济建模方法。本文检验了与电源扰动影响相关的四个假设，模型结果支持所有四个假设。此外，我们使用模拟来估算电源干扰的间接成本。结果表明，电力干扰对国内生产总值（即增加值）具有统计显着影响，特别是在供应链中的电力干扰具有统计显着影响的制造业中。正如模拟结果所示，虽然该行业占私营行业增加值的 12.8%，但由于电力干扰，该行业占供应链损失的 36.8%。供应链中的电力干扰影响了所有四个行业，其中非耐用品受到的影响最大。这在投资于电网可靠性的利益相关者与遭受大量损失的利益相关者之间造成了严重的脱节。特别是在供应链中的电源干扰具有统计显着影响的制造业中。正如模拟结果所示，虽然该行业占私营行业增加值的 12.8%，但由于电力干扰，该行业占供应链损失的 36.8%。供应链中的电力干扰影响了所有四个行业，其中非耐用品受到的影响最大。这在投资于电网可靠性的利益相关者与遭受大量损失的利益相关者之间造成了严重的脱节。特别是在供应链中的电源干扰具有统计显着影响的制造业中。正如模拟结果所示，虽然该行业占私营行业增加值的 12.8%，但由于电力干扰，该行业占供应链损失的 36.8%。供应链中的电力干扰影响了所有四个行业，其中非耐用品受到的影响最大。这在投资于电网可靠性的利益相关者与遭受大量损失的利益相关者之间造成了严重的脱节。正如模拟结果所建议的那样。供应链中的电力干扰影响了所有四个行业，其中非耐用品受到的影响最大。这在投资于电网可靠性的利益相关者与遭受大量损失的利益相关者之间造成了严重的脱节。正如模拟结果所建议的那样。供应链中的电力干扰影响了所有四个行业，其中非耐用品受到的影响最大。这在投资于电网可靠性的利益相关者与遭受大量损失的利益相关者之间造成了严重的脱节。