The components with molecular communication (MC) functionalities can bring an opportunity for emerging applications in fields from personal healthcare to modern industry. In this paper, we propose the designs of the microfluidic transmitter and receiver with quadruple concentration shift keying (QCSK) modulation and demodulation functionalities. To do so, we first present an AND gate design, and then apply it to the QCSK transmitter and receiver design. The QCSK transmitter is capable of modulating two input signals to four different concentration levels, and the QCSK receiver can demodulate a received signal to two outputs. More importantly, we also establish a mathematical framework to theoretically characterize our proposed microfluidic circuits. Based on this, we first derive the output concentration distribution of our proposed AND gate design, and provide the insight into the selection of design parameters to ensure an exhibition of desired behavior. We further derive the output concentration distributions of the QCSK transmitter and receiver. Simulation results obtained in COMSOL Multiphysics not only show the desired behavior of all the proposed microfluidic circuits, but also demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed mathematical framework.

中文翻译：

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用于分子通信的微流控 QCSK 发射器和接收器设计


具有分子通信（MC）功能的组件可以为从个人医疗保健到现代工业等领域的新兴应用带来机会。在本文中，我们提出了具有四重浓度移位键控（QCSK）调制和解调功能的微流体发射器和接收器的设计。为此，我们首先提出与门设计，然后将其应用于 QCSK 发射器和接收器设计。 QCSK 发射器能够将两个输入信号调制为四种不同的浓度水平，QCSK 接收器可以将接收到的信号解调为两个输出。更重要的是，我们还建立了一个数学框架来从理论上描述我们提出的微流体电路。在此基础上，我们首先推导出我们提出的与门设计的输出浓度分布，并深入了解设计参数的选择，以确保表现出所需的行为。我们进一步推导了 QCSK 发射器和接收器的输出浓度分布。 COMSOL Multiphysics 中获得的仿真结果不仅显示了所提出的所有微流体电路的预期行为，而且还证明了所提出的数学框架的准确性。