Competition in a system of Brownian particles: Encouraging achievers,Physical Review E

当前位置： X-MOL 学术 › Phys. Rev. E › 论文详情

Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)

Competition in a system of Brownian particles: Encouraging achievers
Physical Review E ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-15 , DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.034125
P L Krapivsky _{1,

2} , Ohad Vilk _{3,

4,

5} , Baruch Meerson ₃

Affiliation

We introduce and analytically and numerically study a simple model of interagent competition, where underachievement is strongly discouraged. We consider

N ≫ 1

particles performing independent Brownian motions on the line. Two particles are selected at random and at random times, and the particle closest to the origin is reset to it. We show that, in the limit of

N \to \infty

, the dynamics of the coarse-grained particle density field can be described by a nonlocal hydrodynamic theory which was encountered in a study of the spatial extent of epidemics in a critical regime. The hydrodynamic theory predicts relaxation of the system toward a stationary density profile of the “swarm” of particles, which exhibits a power-law decay at large distances. An interesting feature of this relaxation is a nonstationary “halo” around the stationary solution, which continues to expand in a self-similar manner. The expansion is ultimately arrested by finite-

N

effects at a distance of order

\sqrt{N}

from the origin, which gives an estimate of the average radius of the swarm. The hydrodynamic theory does not capture the behavior of the particle farthest from the origin—the current leader. We suggest a simple scenario for typical fluctuations of the leader's distance from the origin and show that the mean distance continues to grow indefinitely as