Mesoscale and local-scale climatology of extreme temperature events in Niigata, Japan,International Journal of Climatology

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Mesoscale and local-scale climatology of extreme temperature events in Niigata, Japan
International Journal of Climatology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-15 , DOI: 10.1002/joc.7870
Akifumi Nishi ₁ , Hiroyuki Kusaka ₂ , Shingo Nakamura ₃

Affiliation

In this study, we analysed the characteristics of extreme temperature events (ETEs) that occurred in Niigata City, located in the coastal region of the Sea of Japan. The results show that there was a tropical cyclone (TC) in the vicinity of Japan (in the latitude range of 29.0°–45.8°N and longitude range of 123.2°–139.2°E) on 60% of the days when ETEs occurred in Niigata City (TOP10 days in the past 30 years, 0.09 percentile). Furthermore, the strong east-southeast to southeast winds caused by the TCs and winds over the mountains reached Niigata City. These results indicate that ETEs in Niigata City are caused by southeasterly foehn winds associated with TCs. It is generally believed that ETEs in Niigata City increase the risk of heatstroke. However, the index for heatstroke risk level is not high despite the extreme temperatures. This is because the downslope winds from the mountains become strong, and humidity decreases during the ETE event. A comparison of the results of this study with those of previous studies shows that the favourable atmospheric conditions for the ETE event and the impact of the ETE on local weather and human life differ greatly between the Pacific and Sea of Japan coasts.

中文翻译：

日本新泻极端温度事件的中尺度和局地尺度气候学

在本研究中，我们分析了发生在日本海沿岸地区新泻市的极端温度事件 (ETE) 的特征。结果表明，日本附近（北纬29.0°～45.8°，东经123.2°～139.2°）附近有热带气旋（TC），ETE发生的天数有60%新泻市（过去 30 年中的 TOP10 天，0.09 个百分点）。此外，由台风引起的东南偏东风和山风吹向新泻市。这些结果表明，新泻市的 ETE 是由与 TC 相关的东南风引起的。人们普遍认为，新泻市的 ETE 会增加中暑的风险。然而，尽管极端温度，中暑风险指数并不高。这是因为 ETE 事件期间山上的下坡风变强，湿度降低。本研究结果与以往研究结果的比较表明，太平洋和日本海沿岸地区对 ETE 事件有利的大气条件以及 ETE 对当地天气和人类生活的影响存在很大差异。

更新日期：2022-09-15

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