ABSTRACT

Archaeological studies conducted in the north of Baja California document a series of peculiar settlements in Yuman territory, as in the case of site MRA 21, given their relative inaccessibility where human life under current climatic conditions is unsustainable. Radiocarbon dating and evidence from the colonial period when invasion of the Yuman territory began (A.D. 1769) show that indeed there was subjugation of indigenous people, but also demonstrate a tenacious resistance from Yumans who took the most marginal areas of the northeast of the peninsula as an impregnable refuge. Was it their will alone that allowed these Yumans to survive the mission period and the colonialization? Or could “geographic isolation” and environmental factors have led to this resistance being successful to a large extent? This issue is analyzed here, arriving at a new vision of how they probably achieved it.

摘要

在下加利福尼亚州北部进行的考古研究记录了玉曼地区一系列奇特的定居点，例如 MRA 21 遗址，因为在当前气候条件下人类生活无法维持，因此相对难以进入。放射性碳测年和入侵玉曼领土开始的殖民时期（公元 1769 年）的证据表明，确实存在对土著人民的征服，但也证明了玉曼人的顽强抵抗，他们将半岛东北部最边缘的地区作为坚不可摧的避难所 难道是他们自己的意志，才让这些玉曼人在任务期和殖民统治下活了下来？还是“地理隔离”和环境因素导致这种抵抗在很大程度上取得了成功？这个问题分析到这里，