Uncontrolled dendrite growth and worse side reactions shorten the life span of aqueous zinc energy storage devices and limit their practical application. Herein, we report for the first time a high-performance lignocellulosic gel polymer aqueous electrolyte (LC-GPAE) with abundant polar functional groups. The strong interaction between Zn²⁺ and polar functional groups inside LC-GPAE can weaken the solvation of Zn²⁺ with water, thus reducing the desolvation activation energy of [Zn(H₂O)₆]²⁺ and improving the kinetics of Zn²⁺ in the stripping/plating process. It is mainly reflected in the high ion conductivity (6.3 mS cm^–1 at 30 °C), high Zn²⁺ transference number (t_Zn²⁺ = 0.44), and lower nucleation overpotential (58 mV). Under the action of LC-GPAE, the growth direction of Zn dendrites tends to be gentle and smooth, avoiding the penetration effect. Impressively, a Zn//Zn symmetric battery with LC-GPAE maintains stable operation over 2000 h at 1 mA cm^–2 with a capacity of 1 mAh cm^–2, and a Zn//AC hybrid supercapacitor with LC-GPAE continuously runs over 12,500 cycles at 1 A g^–1 (retention rate 84.4%).

中文翻译：

---

用于水系锌储能装置的环保木质纤维素凝胶聚合物电解质

不受控制的枝晶生长和更严重的副反应缩短了水系锌储能装置的寿命并限制了它们的实际应用。在此，我们首次报道了一种具有丰富极性官能团的高性能木质纤维素凝胶聚合物水性电解质（LC-GPAE）。^{Zn 2+}与LC-GPAE内部的极性官能团之间的强相互作用可以削弱Zn ^{2+与水的溶剂化作用，从而降低[Zn(H} ₂ O) ₆ ] ²⁺的去溶剂化活化能，改善Zn的动力学。²⁺在剥离/电镀过程中。主要体现在高离子电导率（30 °C 时为6.3 mS cm ^{–1 ）、高 Zn 2+}转移数（t _Zn ²⁺ = 0.44）和较低的成核过电位（58 mV）。在LC-GPAE的作用下，锌枝晶的生长方向趋于平缓平滑，避免了穿透效应。令人印象深刻的是，具有 LC-GPAE 的 Zn//Zn 对称电池在 1 mA cm ^–2下保持稳定运行超过 2000 小时，容量为 1 mAh cm ^–2，具有 LC-GPAE 的 Zn//AC 混合超级电容器持续运行1 A g ^–1下 12,500 次循环（保留率 84.4%）。