In actual operation, the operating environment temperature of thermoelectric devices are constantly changing and rarely remain stable, and the electrical output characteristics of thermoelectric devices are largely determined by thermoelectric materials. In response to this question, the thermoelectric properties of thermoelectric materials (p and n type Bi 2 Te 3 {\mathrm{Bi}_{2}}{\mathrm{Te}_{3}} ) are measured under different temperature difference environments. The Seebeck coefficient, resistivity, and thermal conductivity of the specimens at T = 300 – 600 K T=300\text{--}600\hspace{0.1667em}\text{K} were measured by CTA-4 and CLA1000 (laser flash method), respectively; the thermal and electrical output responses of the thermoelectric materials under different temperature difference conditions were collected in real time by using a self-built thermoelectric performance test platform, thermal/electrical test system with infrared thermal imager, and voltage acquisition system, respectively. The experimental results show that when the temperature difference between the two ends of the specimen increases uniformly, the electrical output signal amplitude also increases uniformly; when the temperature difference is stable, the two ends of the specimen also produce a stable electrical output signal. After stabilization, the electrical output signal amplitude also decreases uniformly when the temperature decreases at a uniform rate. In the temperature range of 298 ∼ 573 K 298\sim 573\hspace{0.1667em}\text{K} , the larger the temperature difference between the two ends of the specimen was, the larger the amplitude of the electrical output signal was after stabilization; and vice versa. The greater the loading rate of the thermal load was, the greater the rate of increase of the electrical output signal amplitude at both ends of the specimen was, and the steady-state equilibrium time required was less.

中文翻译：

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Bi2Te3基半导体材料的热电响应特性

在实际运行中，热电器件的工作环境温度不断变化，很少保持稳定，热电器件的电输出特性很大程度上取决于热电材料。针对这个问题，热电材料（p和n型）的热电特性 双 2 碲 3 {\mathrm{Bi}_{2}}{\mathrm{Te}_{3}} ) 是在不同温差环境下测量的。试样的塞贝克系数、电阻率和热导率 吨 = 300 – 600 ķ T=300\text{--}600\hspace{0.1667em}\text{K} 分别用 CTA-4 和 CLA1000（激光闪光法）测量；利用自建的热电性能测试平台、带红外热像仪的热/电测试系统和电压采集系统分别实时采集不同温差条件下热电材料的热输出响应和电输出响应。实验结果表明，当试样两端温差均匀增大时，电输出信号幅值也均匀增大；当温差稳定时，试样两端也产生稳定的电输出信号。稳定后，当温度以均匀速率下降时，电输出信号幅度也均匀下降。 298 ～ 573 ķ 298\sim 573\hspace{0.1667em}\text{K} ，试样两端温差越大，稳定后电输出信号幅值越大；反之亦然。热载荷的加载速率越大，试件两端电输出信号幅值的增加速率越大，所需的稳态平衡时间越短。