Osteoporosis is a public health problem, which negatively impacts society and national health services worldwide. Altered mineralization of the skeleton can be caused by persistent vitamin D deficiency. However, the combined impact of both on bone health is still under investigation. In fact, although there is compelling evidence in the literature about the positive effect of weight-bearing sports participation on bone mineral density, its impact on bone geometry gains more attention in pediatric population. The sports modalities that we evaluated were artistic gymnastics and track and field. Nonsports group was composed of 43 adolescents. Bone density was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Vitamin D concentration was assessed by blood analysis. In the crude comparison of bone outcomes, the sport group presented higher aBMD only in the trochanter (p-value = 0.040). Considering the combination of the engagement in sports and vitamin D, adolescents in the sports group presented significantly higher values of aBMD in lower limbs, whole body, trochanter, shaft, and femur whole body (p-value = 0.024, 0.035, 0.001, 0.019 and 0.003 respectly). In contrast, only the sport group with high vitamin D presented a higher CSA (p-value = 0.015) and femur neck aBMD compared to the non-sport/low vitamin D group. Only adolescents with a combination of sports participation and higher serum concentrations of vitamin D presented better bone geometry, denoting the relevance of the combination of both factors to bone health.

骨质疏松症是一个公共卫生问题，对全世界的社会和国家卫生服务产生负面影响。骨骼矿化的改变可能是由持续的维生素 D 缺乏引起的。然而，两者对骨骼健康的综合影响仍在调查中。事实上，尽管文献中有令人信服的证据表明参与负重运动对骨矿物质密度有积极影响，但它对骨骼几何形状的影响在儿科人群中受到更多关注。我们评估的运动形式是艺术体操和田径。非运动组由 43 名青少年组成。使用双能 X 射线吸收测定法评估骨密度。通过血液分析评估维生素 D 浓度。在骨骼结果的粗略比较中，运动组仅在转子中表现出较高的 aBMD（p值 = 0.040）。考虑到运动参与和维生素 D 的结合，运动组青少年在下肢、全身、转子、轴和股骨全身的 aBMD 值显着更高（p 值= 0.024、0.035、0.001、0.019和 0.003）。相反，只有维生素 D 含量高的运动组表现出更高的 CSA（p-value = 0.015) 和股骨颈 aBMD 与非运动/低维生素 D 组相比。只有参加体育运动和血清维生素 D 浓度较高的青少年表现出更好的骨骼几何形状，表明这两个因素的结合与骨骼健康相关。