ABSTRACT

Influence of foliar application of potassium nitrate and copper sulfate on the production and quality of Pear cv. Le Conte was carried out at Horticulture Research Farm and Postharvest Laboratory, The University of Agriculture Peshawar-Pakistan, during the year 2018–19. The aim of the study was to get quality pear production with minimal disease incidence. The research was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The study contained two factors, i.e., different concentrations of potassium nitrate (0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%) as Factor A, while different levels of copper sulfate (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8%) as factor B and the treatments were applied in spring season at the fruit set stage. The application of 2% potassium nitrate to the pear plants resulted in heaviest fruit (188.30 g), maximum fruit volume (203.80 cm³), fruit yield tree⁻¹ (60.13 kg) with minimum fruit drop (8.52%) and disease incidence (5.28%), while maximum fruit firmness (7.66 kg.cm⁻²), total soluble solids (12.40 ^○Brix), fruit juice pH (5.38), ascorbic acid content (5.56 mg.100 g⁻¹) while minimum Titratable acidity (0.41%) were noted in fruits of plants sprayed with 3% potassium nitrate solution. However, the maximum fruit weight (192.04 g), fruit yield tree⁻¹ (59.06 kg), minimum fruit drop (6.75%), and disease incidences (3.54%) were recorded in pear plants applied with 0.6% foliar copper sulfate solution. However, maximum fruit firmness (7.53 kg.cm⁻²), total soluble solids (12.38 ^○Brix), fruit juice pH (5.31), ascorbic acid content (5.22 mg.100 g⁻¹) with minimum Titratable acidity (0.42%) were noted in the plants sprayed with 0.8% copper sulfate solution. This study will provide a basis for high yield and quality fruit production, which will affect the storability of pear and other important fruit crops. Further studies should be conducted to optimize the dose, timing, and method of application of these fungicides for other pome fruits.

摘要

叶面喷施硝酸钾和硫酸铜对梨品种产量和品质的影响。Le Conte 于 2018-19 年在白沙瓦-巴基斯坦农业大学的园艺研究农场和收获后实验室进行。该研究的目的是在疾病发生率最低的情况下获得高质量的梨生产。该研究以随机完整区组设计进行，重复三次。该研究包含两个因素，即不同浓度的硝酸钾（0%、1%、2% 和 3%）作为因子 A，而不同浓度的硫酸铜（0%、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、和 0.8%) 作为因子 B 和处理在春季坐果期施用。向梨植株施用 2% 硝酸钾导致果实最重（188.30 克），最大果实体积（203.80 厘米）³ )，果实产量^-1 (60.13 kg)，落果率最低 (8.52%)，病害发生率 (5.28%)，果实硬度最高 (7.66 kg.cm ^-2 )，总可溶性固形物 (12.40 ^○ Brix)，果汁的 pH 值 (5.38)、抗坏血酸含量 (5.56 mg.100 g ^-1 ) 而在喷洒了 3% 硝酸钾溶液的植物果实中可观察到最低可滴定酸度 (0.41%)。然而，在叶面施用 0.6% 硫酸铜溶液的梨中，记录了最大单果重 (192.04 g)、果树产量^{-1 (59.06 kg)、最小落果率 (6.75%) 和病害发生率 (3.54%)。}然而，最大果实硬度（7.53 kg.cm ^-2），总可溶性固体（12.38 ^○白利糖度）、果汁pH（5.31）、抗坏血酸含量（5.22 mg.100 g ^-1）和最小可滴定酸度（0.42%）在喷洒0.8%硫酸铜溶液的植物中观察到。该研究将为水果的高产优质生产提供依据，这将影响梨等重要水果作物的耐贮性。应进行进一步研究以优化这些杀菌剂对其他梨果的施用剂量、时间和方法。