This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatment of acute traumatic central cord syndrome (ATCCS) without fracture and dislocation and explore surgical timing and factors influencing postoperative recovery of spinal cord function. We retrospectively collected the general and clinical data of 112 patients with ATCCS (American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale grade C or D) without fracture and dislocation who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from January 2013 to August 2019. We used statistical methods to evaluate the safety of the operation and explore the timing of surgery and the factors influencing postoperative recovery of spinal cord function. The mean age of the 112 patients was 60.64±12.91 years. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association score and the American Spinal Injury Association motor score (AMS) of the 112 patients were significantly higher at final follow-up than at admission. No significant difference in recovery of spinal cord function was seen between the early operation group (≤4 days) and the late operation group (>4 days). Comparison of patients with a good prognosis vs a poor prognosis showed that age, intrahand muscle strength at admission, maximum spinal cord compression, maximum canal compromise, length of high-intensity signal in the spinal cord on sagittal T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, AMS, and American Spinal Injury Association injury grade D/C at admission had a significant effect on recovery of spinal cord function. Surgical treatment of ATCCS without fracture and dislocation is safe and effective. Age, admission AMS and American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale score, intrinsic hand muscle strength, maximum canal compromise, maximum spinal cord compression, and length of high-intensity signal in the spinal cord can be used to predict postoperative recovery of spinal cord function. [Orthopedics. 20XX;XX(X):xx–xx.]

本研究旨在评估手术治疗无骨折脱位的急性创伤性中央脊髓综合征（ATCCS）的疗效，探讨手术时机和影响术后脊髓功能恢复的因素。回顾性收集2013年1月至2019年8月在我院接受手术治疗的112例ATCCS（美国脊髓损伤协会损伤量表C级或D级）无骨折脱位患者的一般资料和临床资料。手术安全性，探讨手术时机及影响术后脊髓功能恢复的因素。112 名患者的平均年龄为 60.64±12.91 岁。112 名患者的日本骨科协会评分和美国脊髓损伤协会运动评分 (AMS) 在最终随访时显着高于入院时。早期手术组（≤4天）与晚期手术组（>4天）脊髓功能恢复无明显差异。预后良好与预后不良患者的比较显示，年龄、入院时手内肌力、最大脊髓压缩、最大椎管损害、矢状位 T2 加权磁共振成像、AMS 脊髓高强度信号的长度和美国脊髓损伤协会入院时损伤等级 D/C 对脊髓功能的恢复有显着影响。无骨折脱位的ATCCS手术治疗安全有效。年龄，入院 AMS 和美国脊髓损伤协会损伤量表评分、内在手部肌肉力量、最大椎管损伤、最大脊髓压迫和脊髓高强度信号长度可用于预测脊髓功能术后恢复情况。[骨科。20XX;XX(X):xx–xx.]