We evaluated the microbiota in the stomach of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) patients. We compared Erosive Reflux Disease (ERD) to gastritis and Non-erosive Reflux Disease (NERD) subjects by 16S rRNA approach on gastric biopsy specimens. A total of 197 subjects were included consisting of gastritis (68; 34.52%), ERD (55; 27.92%), and NERD (74; 37.56%). After quality filtering, 187 samples were included for OTU analysis using Qiime2. We observed a significant difference in alpha diversity (Shannon and Simpson indexes were P = 0.0016 and P = 0.017, respectively). A significant decrease in alpha diversity index was observed in NERD with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-positive subjects than in gastritis (Simpson index P = 0.022; Shannon index P = 0.029), indicating a significant influence of H. pylori on the diversity in the stomach despite the diseases. In H. pylori-negative samples, alpha diversity measurement by the abundance coverage estimates (ACE) and Fisher Test revealed that ERD had significantly lower richness than gastritis and NERD groups (P = 0.00012 and P = 0.00043, respectively). Anaerobacillus sp. could only be found in ERD patients by LEFse analysis. The presence of ERD could alter microbiome diversity. A negative correlation between H. pylori and ERD is shown in this microbiome study but not in NERD.

中文翻译：

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胃食管反流病的胃微生物群和幽门螺杆菌感染分析

我们评估了胃食管反流病 (GERD) 患者胃中的微生物群。我们通过胃活检标本的 16S rRNA 方法比较了糜烂性反流病 (ERD) 与胃炎和非糜烂性反流病 (NERD) 受试者。共纳入 197 名受试者，包括胃炎 (68; 34.52%)、ERD (55; 27.92%) 和 NERD (74; 37.56%)。质量过滤后，使用 Qiime2 包括 187 个样本进行 OTU 分析。我们观察到 alpha 多样性存在显着差异（香农和辛普森指数分别为 P = 0.0016 和 P = 0.017）。在 NERD 中观察到幽门螺杆菌 (H. pylori) 阳性受试者的 α 多样性指数显着降低（辛普森指数 P = 0.022；香农指数 P = 0.029），表明 H. 尽管有疾病，幽门螺杆菌对胃的多样性。在 H. pylori 阴性样本中，通过丰度覆盖估计 (ACE) 和 Fisher 检验进行的 alpha 多样性测量显示 ERD 的丰富度显着低于胃炎和 NERD 组（分别为 P = 0.00012 和 P = 0.00043）。厌氧杆菌属 只能通过 LEFse 分析在 ERD 患者中发现。ERD 的存在可能会改变微生物组的多样性。H. pylori 和 ERD 之间的负相关在这项微生物组研究中显示，但在 NERD 中没有。只能通过 LEFse 分析在 ERD 患者中发现。ERD 的存在可能会改变微生物组的多样性。H. pylori 和 ERD 之间的负相关在这项微生物组研究中显示，但在 NERD 中没有。只能通过 LEFse 分析在 ERD 患者中发现。ERD 的存在可能会改变微生物组的多样性。H. pylori 和 ERD 之间的负相关在这项微生物组研究中显示，但在 NERD 中没有。