Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, authorities around the world explored ways to slowdown the spread of the disease while maintaining the physical and mental health of individuals. They redistributed the street space to promote physical activity and non-motorized travel while meeting the social distancing requirements. Although the statistics showed significant increases in walking and bicycling trips during the pandemic, we have limited knowledge about the associations between built environment characteristics, COVID-19 infection risk perception while traveling, and subjective well-being. This study assesses the impacts of the built environment on subjective well-being and infection risk perception while traveling during the pandemic. It uses data collected from the residents of Columbus, Ohio, through a multi-wave survey conducted at different time points during the COVID-19 outbreak. By employing a structural equation modeling approach, it explores the associations between residential neighborhood characteristics, individuals’ subjective well-being, and perceived infection risk while using non-motorized modes and shared micromobility. The findings show that those living in more compact, accessible, and walkable neighborhoods are less likely to perceive active travel and shared micromobility as risky in terms of COVID-19 infection. Our results also show that built environment characteristics have an indirect positive effect on the subjective well-being of individuals. The findings of our study demonstrate that built environment interventions can help promote physical activity and support mental health of individuals at this critical time. Our study also indicates that designing compact neighborhoods will be a crucial element of pandemic resilient cities in the post-COVID-19 era.

自 COVID-19 大流行开始以来，世界各地当局一直在探索减缓疾病传播的方法，同时保持个人的身心健康。他们重新分配街道空间，以促进体育活动和非机动出行，同时满足社交距离要求。尽管统计数据显示大流行期间步行和骑自行车出行显着增加，但我们对建筑环境特征、旅行时的 COVID-19 感染风险感知和主观幸福感之间的关联了解有限。这项研究评估了大流行期间旅行时建筑环境对主观幸福感和感染风险感知的影响。它使用了通过在 COVID-19 爆发期间的不同时间点进行的多波调查从俄亥俄州哥伦布市居民收集的数据。通过采用结构方程建模方法，它探索了使用非机动模式和共享微移动时住宅社区特征、个人主观幸福感和感知感染风险之间的关联。研究结果表明，居住在更紧凑、交通便利和适合步行的社区的人们不太可能认为主动旅行和共享微交通有感染 COVID-19 的风险。我们的结果还表明，建筑环境特征对个人的主观幸福感有间接的积极影响。我们的研究结果表明，建筑环境干预措施可以帮助促进身体活动并在这个关键时刻支持个人的心理健康。 我们的研究还表明，设计紧凑的社区将成为后 COVID-19 时代抗疫城市的关键要素。