Previous research on the viability and challenges of commercial shipping along the Northern Sea Route (NSR) has thus far neglected to fully explain the connections between operational models for viable year-round commercial shipping along the NSR and port infrastructure services. In particular, little attention has been paid to the function of ports as transshipment hubs for emerging polar routes. The purpose of this paper is to synthetize the extant knowledge on the topic of Arctic ports and their function as transshipment hubs for polar routes. Following a systematic literature review methodology and using a configurative synthesis, This article analyzes a sample of 47 peer-reviewed articles indexed in high-quality academic databases to examine the extant research on transshipment hubs from a multi-dimensional perspective. The article proposes policy recommendations to address the identified gaps in the literature of transshipment hub functions for the NSR around the following axes: the operational and design features of transshipment terminals; the geopolitical and governance requirements of developing deep-water transshipment terminals; funding possibilities for the operation of transshipment terminals; and the development of a port system that is useful for the whole Arctic.

迄今为止，关于北海航线 (NSR) 沿线商业航运的可行性和挑战的先前研究未能充分解释沿北海航线可行的全年商业航运运营模式与港口基础设施服务之间的联系。特别是，港口作为新兴极地航线转运枢纽的功能很少受到关注。本文旨在综合现有关于北极港口及其作为极地航线转运枢纽功能的知识。本文采用系统的文献综述方法，并使用配置综合法，分析了高质量学术数据库中索引的 47 篇同行评议文章的样本，以从多维角度审视现有的转运枢纽研究。本文提出了政策建议，以解决文献中关于 NSR 转运枢纽功能的已确定差距，围绕以下轴：转运码头的运营和设计特点；发展深水转运码头的地缘政治和治理要求；转运码头运营的融资可能性；以及对整个北极有用的港口系统的发展。