We present a palaeohydrological reconstruction of Lake Chalco from 70 to 11.5 ka BP based on ostracod records consisting of three species: Limnocytherina axalapasco, Candona patzcuaro, and Cypridopsis vidua. Overall, the presence of these species helped investigate Lake Chalco water level fluctuations, and thus water salinity variations. Moreover, this work helped improve our knowledge of L. axalapasco and Candona alchichica, two endemic species of Central Mexico, the latter of which was replaced by C. patzcuaro after the cold and dry MIS4. Five ostracod zones reflect the main environmental changes that occurred during the Late Pleistocene. During 70–62 ka BP (Zone 5), shallow and very variable salinity conditions were inferred with a possible occupancy of submerged macrophytes. The Lake Chalco water level increased from 62 to 49 ka BP (Zone 4) and relatively less saline conditions were inferred. The warmer period from of 49–39 ka BP (Zone 3) was characterised by lower lake levels and a gradually increasing salinity. The evaporation rates continued to increase during 39–27 ka BP (Zone 2). However, a higher runoff input helped maintain a relatively high lake level. Later on, cold and dry conditions from 27 to 11.5 ka BP (Zone 1) inhibited the ostracod occupancy in Lake Chalco.

我们基于由三个物种组成的介形类动物记录，提出了从 70 到 11.5 ka BP 的中铝湖古水文重建：Limnocytherina axalapasco、Candona patzcuaro和Cypridopsis vidua 。总体而言，这些物种的存在有助于调查查尔科湖水位波动，从而调查水盐度变化。此外，这项工作有助于提高我们对墨西哥中部的两种特有物种L. axalapasco和Candona alchichica的认识，后者在寒冷干燥的 MIS4 之后被C. patzcuaro取代。五个介形类区域反映了晚更新世期间发生的主要环境变化. 在 70-62 ka BP（5 区）期间，推断出浅层和非常多变的盐度条件，可能存在沉水大型植物。查尔科湖水位从 62 ka BP 增加到 49 ka BP（第 4 区），并且推断出相对较低的盐度条件。49-39 ka BP（3区）的较暖期以较低的湖水位和逐渐增加的盐度为特征。蒸发速率在39-27 ka BP（2 区）期间继续增加。然而，较高的径流输入有助于维持相对较高的湖泊水位。后来，27 至 11.5 ka BP（1 区）的寒冷和干燥条件抑制了中铝湖中介形虫的栖息。