Scientific writing is an important skill for a career as a professional astrophysicist. However, very few researchers receive any formal training in how to write scientific research papers of high quality in an efficient manner. This Perspective is the first of a two-part self-help guide to scientific writing to address this skills gap. This part focusses on planning your academic research paper in astronomy. We discuss how to crystallize the ideas that underlie a research project, analyse how the paper can be constructed considering the audience and the chosen journal, and give an overview of the publishing process. Whether you are a student writing your first paper or an experienced author, you may find the ideas presented here useful.

科学写作是职业天体物理学家的一项重要技能。然而，很少有研究人员接受过如何以有效方式撰写高质量科研论文的正式培训。本观点是解决这一技能差距的两部分科学写作自助指南中的第一部分。这部分的重点是规划你的天文学学术研究论文。我们讨论如何明确研究项目背后的想法，分析如何考虑读者和所选期刊来构建论文，并概述出版过程。无论您是撰写第一篇论文的学生还是经验丰富的作者，您都会发现这里提出的想法很有用。