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A systems level analysis of ethanol upgrading strategies to middle distillates
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-08 , DOI: 10.1039/d2ee02202h
Juan-Manuel Restrepo-Flórez, Joonjae Ryu, Dustin Witkowski, David A. Rothamer, Christos T. Maravelias

We systematically study the upgrading of ethanol toward middle distillates with desired properties. To survey the large design space, we introduce a novel superstructure-based optimization framework integrating process design and fuel formulation. We show that biorefineries that produce middle distillates by upgrading lignocellulosic ethanol can have an energy return on investment (EROI) greater than 1. Additionally, we show that technological improvements can lead to significant increases in EROI. Furthermore, trade-offs between fuel properties and biorefinery profitability are established, showing how process economics are strongly influenced by fuel properties. In the case of diesel, the feasibility of producing high cetane number biofuels is demonstrated, coupled with a discussion of the technological requirements and costs to produce these superior fuels. It is also shown that the minimum fuel selling price (MFSP) can be reduced by increasing the biorefinery complexity. Finally, we discuss the possibility of satisfying current and projected middle distillate demand in the U.S. using biofuels produced by ethanol upgrading, and we estimate the potential CO2 mitigation of these technologies.

中文翻译:

中间馏分乙醇提质策略的系统级分析

我们系统地研究了将乙醇升级为具有所需特性的中间馏分。为了调查大的设计空间,我们引入了一种新颖的基于上层结构的优化框架,集成了工艺设计和燃料配方。我们表明,通过升级木质纤维素乙醇生产中间馏分的生物精炼厂的能源投资回报率 (EROI) 大于 1。此外,我们表明技术改进可以显着提高 EROI。此外,建立了燃料特性和生物炼制盈利能力之间的权衡,显示了燃料特性如何强烈影响工艺经济性。在柴油的情况下,证明了生产高十六烷值生物燃料的可行性,再加上对生产这些优质燃料的技术要求和成本的讨论。它还表明,可以通过增加生物精炼厂的复杂性来降低最低燃料销售价格 (MFSP)。最后,我们讨论了使用乙醇升级生产的生物燃料满足美国当前和预计的中间馏分油需求的可能性,并估计了潜在的 CO2缓解这些技术。
更新日期:2022-09-08
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