Looking at museums as informal learning environments, it is clear that detailed information on visitors and especially on nonvisitors is key to preparing adequate offers. However, representative or population-based audience studies are scarce, and even less information is available on nonvisitors. Based on a representatively drawn German adult cohort (analytic sample: n = 6,837), we look at characteristics of museum audiences and use partial proportional odds models to describe factors that characterize both visitors and nonvisitors. Results show strong evidence for relevant factors outside the realm of demographic and socioeconomic variables, and that it is especially cultural capital and cultural participation that explain museum visits. We conclude by arguing in favor of developing broader models to conceptualize museum attendance and especially nonattendance.

将博物馆视为非正式的学习环境，很明显，有关游客，尤其是非游客的详细信息是准备充分报价的关键。然而，代表性或基于人群的受众研究很少，关于非访客的信息就更少了。基于具有代表性的德国成人队列（分析样本：n = 6,837），我们研究了博物馆观众的特征，并使用部分比例赔率模型来描述表征游客和非游客的因素。结果显示人口和社会经济变量领域之外的相关因素的有力证据，尤其是文化资本和文化参与可以解释博物馆参观。最后，我们赞成开发更广泛的模型来概念化博物馆参观人数，尤其是未参观人数。