In this study, the in vitro digestion and fermentation of two intra-polysaccharide fractions (IPS1 and IPS2) from Paecilomyces cicadae TJJ1213 were investigated. The constituent monosaccharides of IPS1 and IPS2 were not changed after simulated saliva, gastric and small intestinal digestion. However, they can be hydrolyzed and utilized by gut microbiota, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) level were increased after IPS1and IPS2 treatments. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of fermentation samples were performed. Alpha-diversity, beta-diversity and taxonomic composition differences analysis revealed that IPS1 and IPS2 promoted the proliferation of beneficial bacteria and modulated the overall structure of gut microbiota. Taxonomic comparison analysis found that IPS1 increased the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria including Megamonas, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, while IPS2 could increase the abundance of Bacteroides, Parabacteroides and Phascolarctobacterium. In addition, they can also decrease the levels of pathogenic bacteria containing Escherichia-Shigella, Klebsiella and Fusobacterium. These results indicated that IPS from P. cicadae TJJ1213 could be used as potential candidates for new functional foods.

在本研究中，蝉拟青霉的两种内多糖组分（IPS1 和 IPS2）的体外消化和发酵TJJ1213进行了考察。IPS1和IPS2的组成单糖在模拟唾液、胃和小肠消化后均未发生变化。然而，它们可以被肠道微生物群水解和利用，并且在 IPS1 和 IPS2 处理后，短链脂肪酸 (SCFAs) 水平增加。此外，对发酵样品进行了 16S rRNA 测序分析。α-多样性、β-多样性和分类组成差异分析表明，IPS1和IPS2促进了有益细菌的增殖并调节了肠道微生物群的整体结构。分类比较分析发现，IPS1增加了包括巨单胞菌、双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌在内的有益细菌的相对丰度。,而IPS2可以增加拟杆菌属、副拟杆菌属和拟杆菌属的丰度。此外，它们还可以降低大肠杆菌、志贺氏菌、克雷伯氏菌和梭杆菌等病原菌的含量。这些结果表明蝉蝉TJJ1213的IPS可作为新功能食品的潜在候选者。