Water erosion is one of the main environmental issues nowadays, which results in the decline of soil quality, reducing the productive potential of crops and also causing water pollution, decreasing water availability for human supply. Thus, this study aimed to estimate soil losses related to the rainfall seasonality in the Verdinho River basin, located in the Brazilian Cerrado. Here, we gathered remote sensing products, cartographic and rainfall databases to provide the parameters of the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and to build watershed-scale estimations of the factors that contributing to erosion using the Geographic Information System (GIS) software. The greatest potential for erosion coincided with the rainy season (November–March). In terms of real erosion, the results ranged from 0 to 56,713.57 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, with the highest soil losses rates observed between the months of November and March. The land use and land cover categories with the highest soil losses are bare soil (48,369,623.73 t year⁻¹), cultivated land (35,617,228.52 t year⁻¹) and pasture (20,509,860.52 t year⁻¹). It was also possible to observe critical points of higher occurrence of soil loss located mainly in the middle and lower part of the watershed. These high rates of soil losses are justified by the intensification of natural factors and the contribution of anthropic actions, which are evidenced mainly in the period of the rainy season. Thus, we emphasized the importance of planning the land use and management in the watershed, with the adoption of support practices in order to reduce the effects of the erosive process on the soil and especially on the watercourse.

水侵蚀是当今主要的环境问题之一，它导致土壤质量下降，降低农作物的生产潜力，并造成水污染，减少人类供应的可用水量。因此，本研究旨在估计位于巴西塞拉多的 Verdinho 河流域与降雨季节性相关的土壤流失。在这里，我们聚集了遥感产品、制图和降雨数据库，以提供通用土壤流失方程 (USLE) 的参数，并使用地理信息系统 (GIS) 软件对造成侵蚀的因素进行流域尺度估计。最大的侵蚀潜力恰逢雨季（11 月至 3 月）。就实际侵蚀而言，结果范围为 0 至 56,713.57 t ha ^-1年^-1，在 11 月至 3 月期间观察到的土壤流失率最高。土壤流失量最大的土地利用和土地覆被类别是裸土（48,369,623.73 t 年^-1）、耕地（35,617,228.52 t 年^-1）和牧场（20,509,860.52 t 年^-1）。还可以观察到主要位于流域中下部的土壤流失发生率较高的临界点。自然因素的加剧和人为活动的贡献证明了这些高的土壤流失率是合理的，这主要在雨季期间得到证明。因此，我们强调了规划流域土地利用和管理的重要性，并采取支持措施，以减少侵蚀过程对土壤，特别是对水道的影响。